Yakavakirwa kumusoro muManaslu Conservation Area yeNepal, Samdo imusha mudiki, uri kure unonzwa kure nenyika. Pari padhuze 3,875 mamita (12,713 tsoka) pamusoro pegungwa, musha weSamdo ndiyo yekupedzisira inogarwa yakamira pane yekare Manaslu Circuit trek pamberi pe Larkya La (5,106m) kupfuura. Musha uyu wakaumbwa nemikwidza inokwira yeManaslu Himalaya, une dzimba dzakavakwa nematombo, mireza yeminamato inopeperetswa, uye gompa imwe duku (imba yemamongi).
Sezvo vafambi vanokwira nemumasango epasi pevhu nemafuro, Samdo anongoerekana aonekwa achiyambuka mupata wakafara - "Himalayan natural gem” uye inzvimbo yetsika dzechiTibet munzvimbo ine mawere yeNepalese ine mawere. Kune vakawanda, kusvika kuSamdo chinhu chinokosha: kuravidza kwokupedzisira kwoupenyu hwomumusha pamberi penzira dzakakwirira chaizvo dziri mberi.
Samdo inopembererwa nekuda kwenzvimbo yayo inoshamisa uye tsika dzakadzika dzeTibetan Buddhist. Kubva mumusha, kune maonero asina kukanganiswa ezvikomo zvakafukidzwa nechando zvakatenderedza - kwete zvishoma Mount Manaslu (8,163 m), gomo rechisere pakakwirira kupfuura mamwe ose pasi pose, riri pamusoro kubva kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Ngadi Chuli (7,871m) uye Himalchuli (7,893m) jira kumaodzanyemba, ukuwo Larkya Peak inorinda nzira yekupfuura.
Iwo ane simba ari pasi apa iAlpine meadows murunako rwechirimo, uye akakomberedzwa nemoraine ridges uye mani madziro evaBuddha, uye Samdo ndeimwe yeakanakisa maonero erwendo.
Zviri kupokana nemamiriro ezvinhu aya anokatyamadza evagari vekuTibetan vekuSamdo vanoenderera mberi nemararamiro echokwadi ekumakomo, anosanganisira mavhiri eminamato, marambi ebhota, uye zvipfuyo zvakaita seyaks nemadzos akasungwa kunze kwedzimba dzavo. Musha uyu unonzwa semuziyamu mhenyu yeTibetan highland tsika, inogara inoshanda inochengeta tsika iyi mhenyu kumuganhu chaiwo weNepal.
Historical and Cultural Heritage
Vanhu veSamdo vanonyanya kuzivikanwa kweTibetan, uye vazhinji vemhuri dzavo vakatamira kudunhu reKyirong muma1950 nema1960. Mutauro wavo weTibetan ndewe kyirong, uye vanodzidzira tsika dzechiTibetan Buddhism asi dzakatenderedza. Samdo gompa, iyo yakakomberedzwa nethangkas, zvidhori, uye rusenzi yomujunipa, uko mamongi anodzokorora minyengetero yemanheru.
Kunze kwemamongi, kune marefu zvokudarikidza madziro izvo zvakavakwa namatombo akavezwa okunamatira. VaTrekkers vanofambawo newachi vachivatenderedza, izvo zvinotenderedza mavhiri eminamato sevanhu veko. Tsika idzi dzinoramba dziri dzechokwadi nekuda kwenzvimbo iri kure yeSamdo: mhuri dzinoruka mvere dzemakwai, kuchengeta zvipfuwo, uye kurarama mararamiro akafanana nemadzitateguru avo.
Mitambo yakadai se Iye AR zvinosanganisirawo madhanzi akavharidzirwa, mimhanzi, uye zvokudya zvakajairika, izvo zvinowanzosvikikwa nevashanyi. Samdo inzwisiso chaiyo muTibetan tsika yekumusoro Himalayas.
Kuenda Ikoko: Nzira, Zvibvumirano, uye Kuoma
Zvinotora angangoita 7-8 mazuva ekufamba nepakati Bhudhi Gandaki mupata kusvika Samdo. Vafambi vanotanga kufamba nejeep kana bhazi kubva kuKathmandu kuenda kuSoti Khola kana kuMachha Khola - kutyaira kunotora maawa angangoita 7-9 kuenda kuSoti Khola uye maawa 9-11 kuenda kuMachha Khola, zvichienderana nemugwagwa uye mota.
Nzira yeManaslu Circuit inotanga panzira uye zvishoma nezvishoma inokwira nemumasango, ivhu rekurima, uye kuyambuka nzizi kuenda kumisha yakakosha seJagat, Deng, Namrung, Lho, neSamagaon.
Mvumo inotariswa paJagat. Kuti ufambe kuenda kuSamdo, unoda iyo Manaslu Restricted Area Permit (RAP) uye Manaslu Conservation Area Permit (MCAP). Iwe zvakare unoda iyo Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP), iyo inotariswa kuDharapani.
Mvumo iyi inofanirwa kuwanikwa kumberi muKathmandu kana Pokhara. Zvibvumirano zvese zvinofanirwa kurongwa nesangano rine rezinesi rekufamba; hazvibvumirwe pasi pemutemo weNepali kufamba wega uye usina kutariswa.
Teahouse pekugara ndeyekutanga, asi yakavimbika pane track. Kune makamuri ari nyore, dzimba dzokugezera dzinogoverana, uye panogona kuva nemagetsi mashoma kana mvura inopisa. Kudya kunowanzo kudziya kweNepali kana Tibetan cuisine ine chitofu chepakati chinodziya imba yekudyira mukati mehusiku.
Difficulty:
Rwendo rwekuenda kuSamdo hausi tekinoroji asi ndizvo zvine mwero zvinonetsa nekuda kwemaawa akareba ekufamba uye kudzikama kwekukwirira kwepamusoro. Fungidzira maawa 6-8 zuva nezuva uchifamba panzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, kuwedzera nguva dzose muzinga. Samdo iri padyo ne3,900 m neDharmasala (4,460 m) uye Larkya La Pass (5,106 m) imwe chinhambwe kumberi, saka kuwirirana kunodiwa.
Pano, vazhinji vevafambi vanopedza rimwe zuva muSamdo kana kuita mafupi mafupi ekufamba rwendo vasati vakwira kumusoro. Autumn nechirimo ndiyo nguva yakanakisa. Monsoon inoperekedzwa nemvura uye kukoromoka kwevhu, uye chando chechando chinogonawo kuvhara nzira. Vazhinji vanofamba netsoka vanosvika muSamdo zvakadekara nekusimba kuri pakati nepakati uye nekudzikama kwakaringana.
Landscape, Scenery, uye Altitude
Nzvimbo iri pedyo neSamdo inosiyana nekukurumidza nekukwirira. Munguva yechirimo nechirimo, masango neminda ine mitsetse inoshandiswa kuvhura uye nzvimbo dzemumakomo dzinosaswa nemaruva emusango. Samdo iri mhiri kwemutsara wemuti mumupata wakareba uye une mhepo ine mhepo yakachena, yakatetepa uye yakaomesesa yemakomo.
The chitubu (Kurume-Chivabvu) mwaka wezuva, une marhododendron mumakomo ari pasi ari kutanga kutumbuka, uye matsutso (Gunyana-Mbudzi) inguva inofadza ine tembiricha ye10–15°C masikati nehusiku kuchidzika nechando.
Musha uyu wakarongwa nezvikomo zvakakura kumativi ose. Manaslu massif inozvimisa yakananga kumaodzanyemba uye yakabatana naNgadi Chuli naHimalchuli, avo vane makomo echando ari kupenya muchiedza chezuva. Nzira dzakatenderedza musha dzine matombo emani, chortens, uye mitsetse yeminamato mireza, uye nzvimbo izere nemhepo inozorodza yemweya.
Panguva iyi ndipo apo mhuka dzesango dzinenge dziri shoma, kunyange zvazvo vafambi vangangoona mhashu neHimalayan choughs. Bar-headed geese anoonekwa apo neapo panguva yekutama. Husiku hunotonhora uye hwakajeka, kazhinji hunoratidza kupisa kweMilky Way pamusoro pemakomo. Samdo inyika yeTibetan pachayo ine denga rebhuruu nemakomo machena uye yakanyarara tsika yeTibetan.
Samdo Village - Hupenyu uye Tsika
Zvinoita sokuti Samdo akanyarara uye akasurukirwa paunopinda. Huwandu hwemhuri dzakadaro dzinogara zvachose pano inongova gumi nembiri, mudzimba dzakavakwa nematombo dzakavakwa nepedyo, dzine matenga akati sandara, uye matanga maduku pasi pawo.
Dzimba dziri pamusoro dzinodziirwa noutsi hwechitofu chendove. Vagari vomunzvimbomo vanopfeka ngowani huru dzemvere dzemvere dzemakwai nemvere, vana vanoonekwa vachitamba mumigwagwa miduku, uye kazhinji kazhinji vanobvunza zvikuru pamusoro pavamwe vafambi sezvavanopfuura.
Maitiro ezuva nezuva anoitwa nemaitiro ekare. Mhuri dzinorima bhari nembatatisi, kuchengeta mayak kumafuro echirimo, uye kugadzira chizi nebhata, pamwe chete nezvigadzirwa zvemvere dzemakwai. Unogona kuwana vakadzi vachiruka, vanhu vakuru vachikuya hupfu hwebhari, kana vagari vomumusha vachiunganidza ndove kuti vashandise munguva yechando. Zviitwa izvi humbowo hwemararamiro asina kushanduka zvakanyanya muzvizvarwa zvese.
Vanhu vomuSamdo vane mutsa zvechokwadi. Kune yakaderedzwa nhamba yevashanyi kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzira, uye kudyidzana kwacho kwakasikwa uye kwete nekukasira. Kunyange kukwazisana kana kuti kapu yetii kunogona kutungamirira kushamwaridzana kunodziya nevanhu veko.
Manheru mudzimba dzetii kuungana kwevanhu vakatenderedza chitofu, uko kunhuhwirira kwetii yetii nezvinonhuwira kunofukidza imba yacho. Idzi ndidzo dzimwe dzenguva idzo vanofamba vanonzwa kuti Samdo haisi nzvimbo yekushanya asi musha unorarama weHimalaya.
Samdo Monastery uye Mani Masvingo
Kumucheto kwekuchamhembe kwemusha kune Samdo Gompa - imba diki yemamongi yakavakwa nematombo nehuni. Chivanze chacho chine chifananidzo nemavhiri eminamato; humburumbira remarambi ebhota rinowanzopisa mukati mezuva. Haisi nzvimbo huru yekufamba, asi inzvimbo yechitendero yevagari vemumusha. Apo mamongi anonamata, vanoimba muTibetan uye vanorova nyanga refu nemakandira, vachigadzira mutinhimira wakasimba.
Vashanyi vanogona kutsvedza mukati mehoro huru (nemvumo) kuti vaone mavara ane mavara uye zvidhori zvakakandwa nemaoko. Mudzidzisi kana nun anogona kudurura butter tii yevanofamba, uye iwe unogona kukumbirwa kupuruzira mavhiri emunamato akaiswa pamadziro.
Pedyo neSamdo's Big Mani Walls - madziro ematombo akaturikidzwa akavezwa neminamato. Izvi zvitsvene uye zvinofanira kusvikwa neruremekedzo. Maitiro akakodzera ndeekufamba newachi wakavatenderedza (kora), uchitenderedza chero mavhiri aunogona paunopfuura.
Kutenda kwenzvimbo kunoti dombo rega rega rinogara richiburitsa maropafadzo, saka kunyangwe kumupfuuri, inzira yakanyarara yemunamato kutenderera madziro aya. Tora nguva yako, famba zvishoma nezvishoma, uye nyura mumantra yekugunun'una iyo ibwe rega rega rine. Aya ekare mani madziro, akaderedzwa nemazana emakore emhepo nezuva, anobatanidza Samdo kune yakafara Himalayan Buddhist tsika.
Zvokudya uye Pokugara
Samdo ane mashoma zvinhu teyi seSnowland Lodge, Samdo Peak Lodge, Yak Kharka, uye Samdo Guest House. Makamuri acho ari nyore uye ane zvivakwa zvakajairika, kushomeka kwemagetsi, uye kushandiswa kwezvimbuzi zve squat kunze. Mvura inopisa haisi iyo yakajairwa, uye naizvozvo, kushambidza kwebhakiti inodziya ndiyo yakarongeka yezuva.
Iyo yepakati Bukhari chitofu cheimba yekudyira inopa yakawanda yekudziya, sezvo vafambi vanogara vakaitenderedza husiku. Imba yekugara haisi yeumbozha, asi kuti yakachena uye yakagadzika zvakakwana kuti uve nekurara kwakanaka.
Chikafu ndeche ChiTibetan uye Nepali tsika. Zvinhu zvakakosha ndezvi Dal bhat, thukpa, momos, tsampa, uye tii ine munyu bhotoro, uye nyama yak kana sukuti yakaomeswa inowanzotorwa seimwe manyuko esimba. Kudya kwemanheru kwakakosha uye kunobatsira kudziyisa mamiriro ekunze anotonhora, asi zviri nani kuve nekudya zvishoma mubhodhi.
Zvokudya zvinogoverwawo nomutoo wakafanana, uye vaenzi vanofamba navagari vomumusha vanogara vakakomberedza chitofu ndokucherekedza upenyu mumusha uri kunze, yaks, makondo, uye vana vachimhanya pakati pemireza yomunamato. Idzi nguva dzakanyarara dzinoita kuti kudya muSamdo kuve kwechokwadi uye kusakanganwika.
Kufamba Kutenderedza Samdo
Zorora uye acclimatization: Nzira zhinji dzeManaslu dzakagadzirwa kuti dzibvumire husiku humwe kana huviri paSamdo (3,875 m) kuti vafambi vakwanise kujairana vasati vakwira kukwira kuLarkya La. Zuva rekuzorora harirevi kugara; zvisinei, madhairekitori anowanzo kurudzira zvishoma, mafambiro ari nyore kuenda kumipata iri pedyo kana mafuro eyak kuti abatsire acclimatization neinonzi hike high, sleep low rule.
Rwendo rweparutivi – Samdo Ri: Nedosi ine hutano hwekusimba, Samdo Ri inzvimbo yakanaka yekutanga uye kunakidzwa nekukwira kunonakidza kweiyo isiri-tekinoroji yepamusoro inosvika 5,200 m. Ingangoita maawa matanhatu kusvika masere rwendo rwekudzoka, nenzvimbo dzine matombo (dzimwe dzingave dzakafukidzwa nechando kana dzakafukidzwa nescree) dzinokwira dzakananga kumusangano.
Iri zvakare pamusangano waunogona kuona Manaslu nenzvimbo dzayo dzakatenderedza mune inoshamisa 360-degree maonero. Ita izvi chete pazuva rakanaka, kana pasina zviratidzo zvehurefu, uye mamiriro acho akanaka, saka iyi inogona kuve rwendo rusingakanganwike uye chiitiko cheacclimatization.
Kuongorora musha: Migwagwa midiki yeSamdo uye rwizi runofamba ndidzo nzvimbo dzekuongorora pakufamba mapfupi kuti unzwe kunyarara rhythm yehupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Iwe unogona kusangana nemamongi achiita puja, vagari vemumusha vachigadzira yak cheese, kana minamato mireza ichipeperetswa. Kunyange awa yakanyarara pedyo nemahombekombe erwizi ingave inozorodza zvikuru muno mumhoteredzo yakakwirira yeHimalaya.
Kudyidzana nevagari vemo: Kunyemwerera kweushamwari kunowanzo kugamuchirwa kuburikidza neruremekedzo Tashi Delek. Pakupinda mumba, bvisa shangu dzako, uye ndapota tora tii. Kumbira mvumo usati watora mifananidzo, kunyanya munzvimbo dzekunamatira. Hurukuro dzekutanga- dzinowanzoperekedzwa nezviratidzo- zvinoumba shanduko yakakosha uye kunzwisisa kwehupenyu pakakwirira.
Kudzikama kweSamdo, tsika, uye maonero anoshamisa enzvimbo iyi akaita kuti ive imwe yenzvimbo dzisingakanganwike dzekushanyira paManaslu Circuit.
Mazano Anoshanda: Acclimatization uye Ethics
Altitude mirayiridzo: Zvakakosha kujairana paSamdo nekuda kwekukwirira kwayo. Rwendo urwu kazhinji rune mazuva ekuzorora kuNamrung neSamagaon vasati vasvika mumusha. Paunosvika kuSamdo, tora nguva yako, ramba uine mvura, uye uve nezvakawanda zvekudya. Kana uine musoro, kusvotwa, kana dzungu, zivisa gwara rako nenguva.
Zvakajairika kuona vafambi vakawanda vachifamba rwendo rupfupi kuenda kumusoro, kurara pasi kusvika padhuze riri padhuze kana Samdo Ri, vozodzokera kunorara mumusha. Huya nemushonga wepamusoro, wakadai seDiamox, kana ukarairwa nana chiremba.
zvinokosha: Husiku muSamdo hunogona kudonha kusvika ku -3 ° C kusvika -8 ° C mumatsutso uye -10 ° C kana kuderera muchando, saka bhegi rekurara rinodziya (-15 ° C), thermals, bhachi rinodzivirira mhepo, ngowani, uye magirovhosi zvinodiwa. Magirazi ezuva, sunscreen, lip balm, uye nzira yekuchenesa mvura ndizvo zvinodiwa. Matanda ekufamba anoshandiswa kubatsira munzira dzakadzika kana chando. Kurongedza mabhegi, mamwe mabhegi, tudiki tudiki, uye rambi remusoro zvinoita kuti kugara kwako kuwedzere kugadzikana.
Famba zvine hutsika: Shandisai nzvimbo dzekugara dzemumusha kudya nekunwa kutsigira hupfumi hwenzvimbo. Kumbira mvumo usati watora mapikicha uye cherechedza tsika dzepanzvimbo, semuenzaniso, kufamba newachi uchitenderedza madziro emani uye mavhiri eminamato. Rasa zvinhu zvese zvisina kugadzirwa uye usakanganise zvipfuyo kana mhuka dzesango.
Shandisa zvimbuzi zvekugara, shandisa utachiona hwemvura yako, uye dzivisa kuita ruzha mukati nepakapoteredza nzvimbo dzinogara uye dzechitendero. Zvinetso zvekufamba zvine mutoro zvinochengeta Samdo yakachena, ine runyararo, uye kuona kushanyirwa nevafambi venzvimbo nevemangwana.
Basa raSamdo muManaslu Circuit
Kukosha kwaSamdo kunodarika miganhu yayo. PaManaslu Circuit, inoshanda seyakakosha linchpin. Kutanga, mukutaura, ndiwo musha wekupedzisira pamberi peLarkya Pass. Iko hakuna migwagwa pano - Samdo inongosvikika netsoka - saka ndiwo mukana wekupedzisira wevanofamba netsoka kusangana nehupenyu hwakagadzikana kudivi reNepal.
Nzvimbo dzinotevera dzekugara mushure meSamdo ndiyo misasa yemwaka kuSamdo Phedi (Larkya Base) uyezve Dharamsala kune rimwe divi repasi. Mupfungwa iyoyo, Samdo iri zvese gedhi uye buffer: inzvimbo yekudzidzira uye kugadzirira mupfungwa kuti ipfuure, ukuwo ichifananidzira chikumbaridzo chiri pakati perwendo runyoro rwemupata uye nyika yakakwirira, isingabereki pamusoro pe5,000 metres.
Netsika, Samdo inomira kumucheto kwekuchamhembe kweNepal Gurung uye Tibetan matunhu. Iri munzira yekare yekutengeserana yakananga Tibet, uye anochengeta hunhu hwakadzama hweTibetan Buddhist. Kufamba muSamdo kwakafanana nekupfuura nepakati penguva portal kuenda kuTibet - kunyangwe iwe uri muNepal, mhepo, mutauro, uye zvemweya zvinonzwa zvakajeka Tibetan.
Kune vafambi, nhaka yeSamdo yeTibetan ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzisingakanganwike dzenzira yeManaslu. Madhairekitori mazhinji anoti musanganiswa wehupfumi hwetsika dzeSamdo, zvinoshamisa zvemakomo, uye basa rayo rakakosha rekuita kuti ive "imwe yenzvimbo dzisingakanganwiki pachiteshi. Manaslu Circuit Trek".
Sekutaura kwakaita mumwe wevanyori vekufamba, Samdo ndiyo nzvimbo inogona kutsanangurwa mushoko rimwe seyakakura runako rwechisikigo uye hupfumi hwetsika nhaka, ndosaka yave nemukurumbira nekuda kwehuchokwadi hwayo uye nzvimbo.
Chekupedzisira, Samdo yakakosha sezvo iri nharaunda yepamusoro-soro inoratidza kuti hupenyu hunoramba huripo sei mumamiriro akanyanya. Haasi makomo chete anoita kuti rwendo rweHimalaya ruve runokosha, asi vanhu vanogara vakakomberedza makomo.
Samdo anotiyeuchidza zvakajeka kuti nzira haisi nzira yekubatanidzwa chete nemasikirwo, asiwo neruzivo rwevanhu: munamato wemhuri mangwanani, kugamuchirwa kumamongi, kana kukohwa kwemufudzi. Mupfungwa iyoyo, Samdo yakakosha kuManaslu Circuit nekuti inomiririra moyo wemunhu werwendo.
Kuronga Kushanya Kwako: Kana uri kuronga rwendo rweManaslu Circuit runosanganisira Samdo, yeuka kuti mvumo uye hurongwa hwekutungamira hunofanirwa kurongwa pachine nguva. Trekking mvumo (RAP, MCAP, uye ACAP) inogona kuwanikwa chete kuburikidza neane rezinesi reNepalese opareta.
Kadhi reTIMS haridikwe kuManaslu Circuit kana uine RAP. Mienzaniso yenzira dzinowanzopedza mazuva manomwe kusvika masere kusvika kuSamdo, ichiteverwa neLarkya pass, yozodzika neBimthang neDharapani kuti ibude munzvimbo yeAnnapurna. Gadzirira husiku hunotonhora nemazuva akazadzwa nezuva, uye rongedza zvidimbu zvinoenderana.
Nguva yakanaka yekuenda: Mwaka wakakodzera ndiwo chitubu (Kurume-Chivabvu) uye matsutso (Gunyana–Mbudzi). Chitubu chinoratidza maruva erhododendron ari pazasi nzira, uye matsutso ane matenga akajeka mushure memonsoon.
Zhizha ndiyo monsoon inonyorova (ine madhaka uye ine ngozi), uye nguva yechando inounza sinou yakadzika uye kutonhora kwakanyanya (izvo chete nyanzvi dzinoedza kufamba). Gara uchitarisa mamiriro enzvimbo usati wasimuka uye teerera zano remutungamiri wako.
mhedziso: Kune vafambi vanofarira Manaslu Circuit, Samdo haisi imwe nzira - ndiyo korona yomupata wakakwirira. Iko kusanganiswa kwenhoroondo, tsika, nzvimbo, uye dambudziko rinomiririra iyo Himalayan rwendo rwekufamba.
Samdo anoita mucherechedzo, ungave uri kutenderedza madziro emani, uine butter tii pamberi pechitofu, kana kutarisa kure kugomo reManaslu richipenya pakuvira kwezuva. Zvinotiyeuchidza kuti pasinei nerwendo rwakadaro runotambudza, pane nguva dzose nzira inotevera inotakura nguva yerunyararo, yekunamata, uye kuonana kwevanhu.
