Shiva Ratri, anozivikanwawo se Maha Shivaratri, ndeimwe yemitambo mikuru yechiHindu inopembererwa muNepal nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeIndia. Inocherechedzwa pausiku hwegumi nematatu/zuva rechigumi nemana remwedzi wechiHindu wePhalguna, unowira muna Kukadzi. Mutambo uyu wakatsaurirwa kuna Ishe Shiva, mumwe wevanamwari vanokosha zvikuru muchiHindu.
Izwi rokuti "Ratri" rinoreva "usiku" muchiSanskrit, nepo "Shiva" rinoreva Ishe Shiva. Saka, zita remutambo rinoshandura ku "husiku hwaIshe Shiva". Zvinotendwa kuti pausiku uhwu, Ishe Shiva akaita "Tandava", dhanzi remucosmic rinomiririra kusikwa uye kuparadzwa kwepasirese.
Shiva Ratri inguva yekufungisisa pamweya, kutsanya, uye kuzvipira. Vanhu vanodirana kutemberi dzakatsaurirwa kuna Ishe Shiva kuti vape minamato, kuimba nziyo dzekunamata, uye kuita tsika. Temberi dzakashongedzwa nemaruva nemwenje, uye mhepo inozadzwa neruzha rwemabhero uye kuimba yemantras.
MuNepal, mutambo unopembererwa nekushingaira kukuru uye nechido. Vanhu vanobva kwakasiyana siyana, zvisinei nedzinza, chitendero, kana murume kana mukadzi, vanoungana kuti vatore chikamu mumafaro. Mhemberero huru kwazvo inoitika paPashupatinath Tembere muKathmandu, inoonekwa seimwe yenzvimbo tsvene dzakatsaurirwa kuna Lord Shiva. Zviuru zvevanozvipira zvinoungana patemberi kuti zvinyengetere, kuita tsika, uye kunyura muRwizi rweBagmati, urwo runoyerera padivi petemberi.
Imwe tsika inokosha yakabatana naShiva Ratri ndiyo yekurinda kweusiku hwose, apo vanozvipira vanogara vakamuka uye vachipa minyengetero kuna Ishe Shiva usiku hwose. Zvinotendwa kuti kuita kudaro kunogona kubatsira munhu kuwana makomborero uye kubvisa chimwe chezvivi zvavo.
Pamusoro pezvemweya, Shiva Ratri zvakare inguva yemhemberero dzetsika. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeNepal, kutamba kwechinyakare kunoitwa kukudza Lord Shiva. Imwe yekutamba kwakadaro ndeye "Bhailini" yekutamba, iyo inoitwa nevakadzi uye inofananidzira kusikwa kwepasirese kuburikidza nekutamba kwe cosmic kwaIshe Shiva.
Mukupedzisa, Shiva Ratri mutambo unokosha muNepal unounza pamwechete vanhu vanobva kumativi ese ehupenyu kupemberera simba nehukuru hwaIshe Shiva. Inguva yekufungisisa zvemweya, kuzvipira, uye kupemberera tsika, uye inoramba ichiita basa rakakosha muhupenyu hwevanhu veNepali.
Pashupatinath Tembere:
Iyo Pashupatinath Tembere Tembere yechiHindu iri muKathmandu, Nepal, uye yakatsaurirwa kuna Ishe Pashupatinath, chimiro chaIshe Shiva. Tembere iyi inoonekwa seimwe yenzvimbo dzinoyera dzevaHindu vanozvipira uye ndeimwe yeNzvimbo dzeNhaka dzeNyika dzeUNESCO muNepal.
Imba yetembere, iyo inofukidza nzvimbo inosvika 264 mahekita, iri kumahombekombe eRwizi rweBagmati uye inoratidzira akati wandei matemberi, temberi, uye zviyeuchidzo. Temberi huru chivakwa chepagoda chine denga regoridhe, magonhi mana esirivha, uye mifananidzo yakaoma kunzwisisa yakavhara madziro ayo.
Iyo Pashupatinath Tembere inonzi yakavakwa muzana ramakore re5, kunyangwe zuva chairo risingazivikanwe. Munhoroondo yayo yese, tembere yakagadziridzwa akati wandei uye nekuwedzera, nechimiro chazvino chinodzokera kumashure kwezana ramakore re17.
Temberi inzvimbo huru yekufambisa yevaHindu, kunyanya panguva yemutambo weShivaratri. Zviuru zvevanozvipira zvinodirana kutemberi kuti zvinyengetere, kuita tsika, uye kunyura muRwizi rweBagmati. Nzvimbo dzetemberi dzinoshandiswawo senzvimbo yokupisira zvitunha, uye zvinonzi vaya vanopisirwa pano vanosunungurwa pakuberekwazve.
Pamusoro pekukosha kwayo kwechitendero, iyo Pashupatinath Tembere inozivikanwa zvakare nekuvaka kwayo kunoshamisa uye kuvezwa kwakaomarara. Denga retemberi repagoda, magonhi esirivha, uye madziro akavezwa nounyanzvi zvinoratidza unyanzvi nounyanzvi hwevanyori vakaigadzira.
Temberi yakakomberedzwa nenhamba yenzvimbo diki netembere, pamwe neakawanda maGhats (matanho anodzika kurwizi) yekugezera uye tsika. Imba yetembere ine zvakare akati wandei mamuseum uye magaraji, anoratidza hupfumi hwetsika nhaka yeNepal.
Mukupedzisa, iyo Pashupatinath tembere chiratidzo chenhaka yakapfuma yetsika nemweya yeNepal. Ndiyo nzvimbo huru yekuenda kuchechi yevaHindu uye inokwezva zviuru zvevaya vanonamata gore rega rega, ichipa ruzivo rwenhoroondo yakapfuma netsika dzenyika. Ungave uri munhu anofarira zvekunamata kana kungofarira nhoroondo nezvivakwa zvetemberi, kushanyira Tembere yePashupatinath chiitiko chisingakanganwiki.
