UbuBhuda lolunye unqulo olukhulu emva kobuHindu baseNepal. Ngokobalo-bantu luka-2011, amaBhuda yi-9.04% yabemi bebonke. Indawo yeLifa leHlabathi iLumbini, indawo awazalelwa kuyo uGautam Buddha, yindawo ebalulekileyo yokundwendwela amaBhuda. Ezinye iindawo ezidumileyo zamaBhuda ISwayambhunath (iTempile yeMonkey), iKapan Monastery, kunye neBoudhanath eKathmandu, iNamobuddha yaseKavre, iBajrayogini yaseSankhu ikwayindawo edumileyo yokundwendwela eBuddhist.
UbuBhuda buqhuba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo eNepal. I-Newaras yasekuhlaleni ingakumbi iMaharjans, iDangol, kunye nabantu ababizwa ngokuba ngabahlali baseJyapu baqhelisela ubuBhuda beTheravada Vajrayana ngelixa uTamang, uSherpas eqhelisela iMahayana kunye nobuBhuda baseTibet. Kananjalo banamahlelo eShakyapa, eNigmapa, eKahyupa, naseGeluk ngaphakathi kweBuddhism yaseTibetan. Acharya Padmasambhava okanye uGuru Rimpoche (eTibetan) ucinga ngomseki weTibetan Buddhism.
USiddhartha Gautama, owazalelwa eLumbini kumazantsi eTerai malunga nowama-534 BC Kuze kube yiminyaka engama-29, waphila ubomi obukhuselekileyo kwibhotwe, engazi ngokupheleleyo iingxaki kunye nokubandezeleka kwehlabathi langaphandle. Ngenye imini uSiddhartha weyisela umqhubi wenqwelo yakhe yokulwa ukuba amkhuphele ngaphandle kwebhotwe, apho wothuswa kukubona ihlabathi langaphandle xa ebona ixhego, indoda egulayo, isidumbu, kunye nomntu ongazithembiyo. Ukuzaliseka kobunzima bokwenyani behlabathi kwaphembelela inkosana ukuba ilahle ubomi bayo obutofotofo kwaye ingene eJungle ifune ukukhanyiselwa ukuphelisa ukubandezeleka kwabantu. Kangangeminyaka emininzi, uGautam wayezibandeza ulonwabo ngaphandle kokuphumelela. Ngobunye ubusuku phantsi komthi wePipal kwihlathi laseBodh Gaya wakhanyiselwa. Ukusukela ngoku eyaziwa ngokuba yiNkosi uGautam Buddha, “Lowo ukhanyisiweyo” wajikeleza emantla eIndiya nakumaZantsi eNepal eshumayela indlela eseMbindini eya ekukhanyeni. Kwiminyaka engamashumi asibhozo ubudala, wadlulela ekukhanyeni kokugqibela, iPar Nirvana.
Indawo yabahambi ngezonqulo abahlanu abaphezulu baseNepal:
IKopan yindlu yeemonki edumileyo yaseTibetan ebekwe kwicala elingasentla lentlambo yaseKathmandu, induli emva kweBouddhanath Stupa. Yasekwa ngo-1969 yi-Tibetan guru uThubten Yeshe, uThubten Zopa Rinpoche. Indlu yeemonki yaseKapan likhaya leemonki zamaBhuda zaseTibet ezingaphezu kwama-300 phantsi kolawulo lukaThubten Zopa Rinpoche. Ilawulwe ngumthi omangalisayo weBodhi, Ukunxulumana nokufundisa ubuBhuda baseTibet. Lilungu leSiseko sokuGcinwa kweSiko laseMahayana, inethiwekhi yamazwe ngamazwe yamaziko e-Gelugpa dharma njengekomkhulu. Nyaka ngamnye inani elikhulu labaphambukeli lifika apha ukuza kufunda ubuBhuda kunye nokucamngca kangangeentsuku ezininzi. I-Kopan Monastery ikwabonelela ngembono ye-panoramic yedolophu yaseBoudha engezantsi kunye nommandla weentaba ze-Himalayan ezinomtsalane kumantla.
2. ISwayambhunath (iTempile yeeNkawu):
ISwayambhunath stupa complex ihleli phezu kwenduli ephakamileyo ejonge iKathmandu kunye nayo yonke iNtlambo yeKathmandu enodederhu lweeNtaba kwicala elisemaZantsi. Itempile yeMonkey sisakhiwo sakudala senkolo encotsheni yenduli kwiNtlambo yaseKathmandu. ISwayambhunath yeyona ndawo ingcwele yokundwendwela amaBhuda eNepal. Yenye indawo edumileyo yabakhenkethi kunye neyona ndawo ingcwele yamaBhuda namaHindu abahambi ngezonqulo. Uninzi lwe-iconography ye-Swayambhunath ivela kwisithethe saseVajrayana se-Newar Buddhism. Le tempile ikwabizwa ngokuba yitempile yeNkawu ngenxa yobuninzi beenkawu kwaye banedama labo lokuqubha. Le yindawo entle yokubamba umoya wakho kwaye ujonge ukutshona kwelanga, qala ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwenkolo yobuBuddha ebantwini. Iqukethe i-stupa emhlophe enkulu kakhulu enamehlo abona konke, ikholelwa kuthando kunye noxolo lweNkosi uBuddha kunye ne-stupas encinci kunye neendawo eziqingqiweyo zamatye aqingqiweyo. Ukuba uziva unamandla ngakumbi ke ungathanda ukuzama ezinye okanye zonke izinyuko ezingama-350 okanye ngaphezulu ezikhokelela kwindawo esempuma yetempile ebizwa Bhagwan pau (Iinyawo zikaThixo) ukuya kwindawo yakho ye-Stupa ye-Swayambhunath. I-complex iqulathe ubugcisa be-stupa kunye nesakhiwo sobugcisa, iintlobo ngeentlobo zeendawo ezingcwele, kunye neetempile, ezinye zibuyela kwixesha le-Licchavi Dynasty.
3. IMonastery yaseNamobuddha:
Indawo yokundwendwela yaseNamo Buddha imalunga neekhilomitha ezingamashumi amane ukusuka eBoudhanath Stupa. IMonastery Ibekwe kumhlaba othe thaa kancinane wenduli, imnandi kwaye ingaphandle kwendlela. Kulo mhlaba ubanzi, udederhu lweentaba, uMalangur Himal abengezela mhlophe okweqokobhe leconchi okanye ikristale. Umbono omangalisayo wokuphuma kwelanga ekuseni kwaye ngokuhlwa unokubona ukutshona kwelanga okumangalisayo.
Yilali encinci kufutshane nedolophu yaseNewari iPanauti enezindlu ezindala kakhulu zeThrangu Tashi Yangtse Monastery yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zabahambi ngezonqulo lwamaBhuda kwaye zingcwele emhlabeni. UGuru Thrangu Rinpoche wayila iNamo Buddha njengomele iiYanas ezintathu. I-Vajrayana Buddhism yahlula uhambo oluya ekukhanyeni lube ngamanqanaba amathathu amakhulu. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba ziiYanas. Lidla ngokuguqulelwa ngokuthi “izithuthi” ezikuthwalayo endleleni eya ekukhanyeni. Zontathu iiyana zibeka isiseko sokomoya selandelayo, azifundiswa okanye zenziwe ngokulandelelana.
Ibali likaNamo Buddha yayibubomi bangaphambili njengenkosana eyayilapha apho uBuddha wancama umzimba wakhe ngenxa yemfesane yengwe elambileyo kunye namathole ayo. Inebali elimangalisayo elijongene noBuddha elikhunjulwa lilitye lamandulo kunye ne-Stupa enamehlo abona yonke iNkosi uBuddha. INamo Buddha yeyona ndawo ifanelekileyo kwaye igqibelele yokucamngca nokuziqhelanisa. INamo Buddha yeyona ndawo ixatyiswe kakhulu ngabantu abavela kwihlabathi liphela, eMpuma naseNtshona.
4. Boudhanath Stupa:
Yeyona ndawo idumileyo yenkolo yobuBhuda enembali ende emva kwiminyaka engama-500 nangaphezulu. I-stupa ifumaneka kumantla eKathmandu. IBoudhanath ihlala iyindawo entle yokundwendwela abalandeli bakaBhuda ukuba bajikeleze isitupa sayo esikhulu esingcwele kwaye bajikelezise amavili ayo omthandazo amaninzi. I-Boudhanath yenye yezona stupas ezinkulu kwihlabathi kunye ne-UNESCO yeNdawo yeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi eNepal. Kubantu baseTibet, iBoudhanath yindawo yokundwendwela ngenxa yokuba ukungena kwabantu abaninzi ababaleki abavela eTibet kubone ukwakhiwa kweegompas ezingaphezulu kwama-50 (i-convent yaseTibet) kunye neemonki ezijikeleze iindawo zaseBoudhanath ngexesha le-1950s.
Eyona nto inomtsalane eBoudhanath sistupa sayo esikhulu esimhlophe esine-hemispherical enenqaba esembindini yegolide kunye namehlo abonayo eNkosi uBuddha. Ikwakholelwa ukuba amehlo amele uthando noxolo kuzo zonke izidalwa ezisehlabathini. Abakhenkethi bahlala bejikeleza i-stupa kwicala elingasekunene kwaye bajikeleze amavili omthandazo ukuze bafumane ithamsanqa kwaye bafumane iNirvana. Indawo yaseBoudhanath ejikeleze uhlobo lwesikolo kwiindwendwe zangaphandle ezinomdla wokupeyinta (Thanka) ukubona abaculi abanobuchule obuphezulu besebenza kwimifanekiso ye-mandala yenkolo.
5. Lumbini-Gautam Buddha Indawo azalelwe kuyo:
Lumbini ingcwele kwaye yindawo yokuzalwa yeNkosi uBuddha eyenye yezona ndawo zidumileyo zokundwendwela emhlabeni. ILumbini yenye yezona magnethi ziphambili zokundwendwela eziye zavela kwiindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu kuBomi bukaBuddha. ILumbini ikwayindawo yeLifa leMveli le-UNESCO. ILumbini yenye yeendawo ezine ezingcwele zamaBhuda ezikhumbula ezona ziganeko zibalulekileyo kubomi bukaBuddha. Enye yezona ndawo zinomtsalane eLumbini yitempile yeMaya Devi kunye nePuskarini, okanye iPond eNgcwele, apho umama kaBuddha (uMaya Devi) wathatha isiko lokuntywila ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwakhe nalapho uBuddha wahlamba okokuqala echibini lasePuskarini. IBodh Gaya yindawo apho uGautama Buddha kuthiwa wafumana khona uKhanya.
Umtsalane oyintloko weLumbini uhlala ungcwele itempile yeMaya Devi, iNtsika ye-Ashoka, i-World peace pagoda, i-Myanmar Golden Temple i-pool engcwele, i-Maya Devi Temple, i-Lumbini Crane Sanctuary, i-China Temple, kunye nezinye ezininzi. KwiLumbini amazwe ahlukeneyo akha iindawo ezingcwele kunye neemonki ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo ukubonisa izithethe zezakhiwo zamazwe ahlukeneyo kwaye ngaloo ndlela enika uLumbini imvakalelo yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nomyalezo woxolo lwehlabathi.
