intshayelelo
IKoshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve yindawo emanzi kumazantsi mpuma eNepal. I-Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve ithathwa ngokuba neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Inamathafa aphuphuma emilanjeni kunye namathafa engca, abalulekile kulondolozo nofundo lwezilwanyana zasendle.
I-Koshi Tappu ibhengezwe njengendawo yokuqala yeRamsar yaseNepal, kwaye kwinqanaba lehlabathi, inkqubo yendalo emanzi ithathwa njengebalulekileyo. Lo vimba uxhasa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana, unceda ekugcineni ulungelelwano lwendalo kwindawo eguquguqukayo yembonakalo yomlambo.
Lo mmandla wolondolozo lwendalo ulikhaya leendidi zeentaka ezingaphezu kwama-480, ezinye zazo zinqabile yaye zifuduka. Indawo yokugcina izikhukula yeyona ndawo ilungileyo yokubukela izilwanyana zasendle, ukukhwela isikhephe, kunye nokuthatha iifoto zendalo.
Ukongezelela kwiintaka, lo mmandla wolondolozo unokufunyanwa ukhethekile ngenyathi yasendle, amaxhama, neeotter. I-Koshi Tappu inika abathanda indalo amava akhumbulekayo ezilwanyana zasendle. Lo vimba ubonisa imihlaba engekachukunyiswa enembonakalo eyodwa yenkcubeko.
Indawo kunye nokuFikelela
I-Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve ifumaneka kwimpuma yeNepal, ephakathi kwamathafa amakhulu oMlambo iKoshi. Itholakala kwizithili zaseSunsari naseSaptari. Ibonelela ngendawo yokuhlala efanelekileyo yezilwanyana zasendle kwiindawo ezisezantsi zeTerai kumda weIndiya.
Ukufika eKoshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, unokuthatha inqwelomoya ukusuka eKathmandu ukuya eBiratnagar ngenqwelomoya yasekhaya okanye ngendlela. Abahambi bendlela bangasebenzisa iibhasi ezide ukusuka eKathmandu ukuya kwizithili ezisempuma yeNepal (ezifana neDharan kunye neBiratnagar).
IBiratnagar sesona sixeko sikufutshane sikhulu kunye neziko lezothutho elamkela abakhenkethi. Emva koko, basebenzisa iinkonzo zeebhasi zasekhaya okanye izithuthi zabucala ukuya eKoshi Tappu, bekhwela emaphandleni. Ngokwesiqhelo kuthatha iyure enye ukuya kwezi-2 ukuhamba phakathi kweBiratnagar kunye nendawo yogcino.
Ukuza e-Dharan, kwi-Koshi Tappu, unokuthatha ibhasi okanye i-jeep eya kumzantsi-mpuma kwisithili saseSunsari. Iinqwelomoya, iibhasi, kunye neejeep zinika ubhetyebhetye kule ndawo ikude yezilwanyana zasendle, njengoko inamandla okuhlangabezana nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olwahlukeneyo kunye nezinto ezithanda ukuhamba.

Iintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaseKoshi Tappu
I-Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve yindawo yogcino eneentlobo ezininzi zeentaka kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iyindawo ephambili yokubukela iintaka. Iintaka ezifudukayo zaseSiberia, iingwamza ezintle, oonogwala abahle, neenkozi ezinamandla ziyenza ibe sisityebi kwiintaka zeentaka, ibe ngumtsalane wabathandi bendalo kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Lo myezo unezilwanyana zasendle ezikhethekileyo, eziquka izilwanyana zasendle ezisengozini yokuphela njengenyathi yamanzi. Ibonelela ngobuninzi bendalo. Izilwanyana ezanyisayo, ezifana iihagu zasendle namaxhama ehagu, ayachuma kwiindawo zawo zokuhlala, ebonisa ubutyebi bendalo.
I-landscape ye-Koshi Tappu ibonakaliswe ngamathafa amakhulu engca axhasa ukufunwa kwezilwanyana ezininzi. Amathafa avuleke ngolo hlobo alikhaya loluhlu lwezityalo eziyimfuneko ekugcineni ulungelelwaniso lwe-ecosystem kunye nokukhulisa ubomi bezilwanyana.
La madlelo anengca adityaniswe yimigxobhozo kunye namahlathi agudle umlambo adala ikhusi neendawo ezizalela kuzo izilwanyana ezininzi. Le ndawo yokuhlala ityebileyo yomgxobhozo yenza uthungelwano lweendawo zokuhlala ezintsonkothileyo, nto leyo ibalulekile ekuzinziseni intlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo kunye nempilo entle yendalo kulo vimba.
Amava okubukela iintaka
I-Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve ithathwa njengeyona ndawo ibalaseleyo yokubukela iintaka eNepal kuba ihlala kwindawo enemigxobhozo enkulu. Inenye yezona ndawo ziphezulu zeentaka, ngoko ke itsala abathandi beentaka kunye nabaphandi ngonyaka abavela kwihlabathi liphela.
Phakathi kweentaka ezithandwayo, iBengal florican esengozini, iSarus crane, iintaka ezifudukayo zaseSiberia, iingwamza, iingwamza namaxhalanga anokubonwa. Kukwakho neentlobo ezikhethekileyo ezinokuthi zifumaneke kwindawo yolondolozo, ezifana ne-spotted wren babbler kunye ne-olive ground warbler, ezenza lo vimba ube nomtsalane.
Elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokubukela iintaka kuxa lokufuduka kwamaxesha onyaka phakathi kukaSeptemba noFebruwari. Amadada afudukayo kunye neewaders zixhaphakile ebusika, ngelixa entwasahlobo nasekwindla, unokujonga iintaka zokuhamba ezinombala ohlukeneyo kunye nokuziphatha.
I-Koshi Tappu ibonelela ngemigxobhozo kunye namadlelo anengca afumaneka lula ukubonelela ngeefoto ezintle zeentaka. Iintsasa nangokuhlwa zezona zilungileyo xa ubani ezama ukubamba izinto ezicacileyo ezenziwa ziintaka, indlela ezibhabha ngayo, nokukhanya okuhle okudalwe yindalo ukuhambelana nomfanekiso.
Indawo eseluxolweni yalo mmandla wolondolozo lwendalo iwenza akwazi ukubukela iintaka ngejeep, iphenyane okanye ngeenyawo. Izikhokelo ezinolwazi ziya kunceda iindwendwe zifumane iindawo ezifihliweyo zeentaka ezinokubonwa endle, zibonelela ngamava alungileyo ezilwanyana zasendle ezibandakanya ukubonwa kunye nokudubula.
Imisebenzi eKoshi Tappu
I-Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve inamagxoko amaninzi kunye namathafa engca, ngoko ke uhambo lulungelelanisiwe ukujonga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentaka kwiindawo zazo zendalo. Abakhenkethi bakwafumana uhambo ngamaphenyane kuMlambo iKoshi ukuze bakwazi ukujonga ngokusondeleyo iintaka zasemanzini nezinto eziphila emanzini.
I-Jeep safaris ihamba phakathi kwamahlathi ashinyeneyo kunye nemilambo ngaphakathi kwendawo yogcino, apho abahambi baye babone izilwanyana zasendle ezifana nenyathi yasendle kunye nexhama. Ukhenketho oluququzelelweyo olulolu hlobo lwandisa amava okujongwa kwezilwanyana zasendle kwaye lubonelela ngofikelelo olulula kwiindawo ezinokufikelela kancinci kulo myezo.
Olunye uhambo olunomdla kakhulu lokubonelela ngolwazi olusebenzayo lwendalo kunye nenkcubeko yeKoshi Tappu kubandakanya ukuhamba okukhokelwayo kwendalo okukhokelwa ziingcali zendalo zalapha. Iingcali zendalo zitshintshiselana ngolwazi malunga nezityalo, izilwanyana, kunye nemisebenzi yolondolozo, nto leyo eyandisa ulwazi lwabatyeleli kunye nokwenza ukuba unxibelelwano neendawo ezifihlakeleyo zezilwanyana zasendle.
Unokuhamba ukuloba kuMlambo waseKoshi, apho unokuphumla ukunxibelelana nendalo. Kwakhona, ukutshintshiselana ngeenkcubeko kunye neelali ezikufuphi zaseTharu kuzisa umhambi kwiindlela zemveli zokuphila, ubugcisa kunye nobugcisa, ukutya, kunye nezinye iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobomi bomthonyama kule ndawo.
Le misebenzi idityanisiwe ukwenza umqulu wezilwanyana zasendle neenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo. Abakhenkethi banandipha umxube wendalo kunye namava enkcubeko. Ngoko ke yindawo epheleleyo yokusingwa kwabo bathanda indalo kunye nabo batyelela le ndawo ngenjongo yokuthatha uhambo ukuze babe namava enkcubeko.
Uhambo alufunyenwanga.
Ixesha Eligqibeleleyo lokutyelela
Elona xesha lilungileyo lokutyelela iKoshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve kubusika (ngoNovemba ukuya kuFebruwari) kuba eli lixesha apho lo mmandla ulungele ukubukela iintaka, njengoko iintaka ezininzi ezifudukayo ziza kuloo ndawo. Imozulu nayo ipholile kwaye yomile, eyandisa ukubonakala kwezilwanyana zasendle kunye nokukhululeka kwangaphandle.
Imozulu imnandi ngexesha lasentwasa hlobo kunye nobushushu obuphakathi kobulali kunye nobushushu. Indawo ebukekayo nayo inemibalabala, yaye apho iintyatyambo ziyakhula, zisenza imeko-bume emibalabala ehambisana neentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana zasendle eziye zabonwa. Isizathu sokuba eli xesha lonyaka lilungile kubathandi bendalo kukuba iphakamisa umsebenzi weentaka ezihlala kunye nezifudukayo.
Kukho imvula enkulu ngexesha leemvula zemvula (Juni ukuya kuSeptemba) zombini zinika imvula kumhlaba oluhlaza oluhlaza kodwa zibangela iingxaki ezifana nezikhukhula, iindlela ezifumileyo. Lixesha elibi njengoko ukufikelela kuba lucelomngeni, izilwanyana zasendle ziya zibonakala, kwaye iziphazamiso zokuhamba rhoqo.
Ukutyelela ngexesha elomileyo kukhululekile kwaye kukhuselekile. Ekuseni nangokuhlwa ebusika nasentwasahlobo ngawona maxesha afanelekileyo okuthatha imifanekiso kunye nokujonga izilwanyana zasendle njengoko zibonelela ngokukhanya okukhulu. Ke, la ngawona maxesha afanelekileyo okuba notyelelo oluntywilayo.
Iinketho ngendawo yokuhlala
I-Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve ineendawo zokuhlala ezahlukeneyo, ezibandakanya iiloji kunye neendawo zokuphumla zendalo kulo myezo. Ukhetho oludumileyo luya kuba yi-Koshi Tappu Wildlife Camp, ukuqhayisa iintente ze-safari kunye nezixhobo ezilungileyo, imiboniso, kunye nemvula eshushu, ukubonelela ngamava endalo yokuntywila.
Ukuhlala ekhaya okulula kukwakhona, apho abakhenkethi bafumana ithuba lokwabelana ngobomi basekhaya kunye nenkcubeko. Ezi zindlu zokuhlala zibonelela ngezibonelelo ezisisiseko kunye neenkonzo zasekhaya ezimfanela kakhulu umkhenkethi okhetha indawo yokuhlala engabizi kakhulu kodwa eyiyenyani kufutshane nolondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle.
Ukuhlala kwindawo yolondolozo kwiinkampu zezilwanyana zasendle kunika ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwindalo kunye nemisebenzi ekhokelwayo. Ukuba, endaweni yoko, ukhetha ukuhlala kwindawo yokulala kwidolophu ekufutshane, uya kuba nokufikelela ngakumbi kwiindawo zokutyela, iivenkile, kunye neendawo zokuhamba.
Ukukhethwa kokuhlala ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle nje kusekelwe kwizinto ozikhethayo zokuhamba. Abahambi abanandipha uxolo kwindalo bahlala bekhetha ukuhlala kwindawo yokulala okanye inkampu kwindawo yogcino okanye kufutshane nendawo yogcino, ngelixa abanye abantu abakhetha ukuhlala befikeleleka kwindalo bakhetha iihotele eBiratnagar okanye eDharan.

Iingcebiso zokuhamba
Iindleko zemvume ye-Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve yi-NPR 100 ye-Nepalese, i-NPR 750 kumazwe e-SAARC, kunye ne-NPR 1,500 kubantu basemzini. Kukho i-NPR engama-300 kwimali yokungena kwisithuthi ngasinye. Iimpepha-mvume ziyafumaneka kumnyango wogcino.
Umtyeleli kufuneka kwakhona aphathe izinto eziyimfuneko ezifana nebhayinotyhulasi, ikhamera eneebhetri ezininzi, iimpahla ezilula, nokhuseleko elangeni, kuquka isikhuselo selanga kunye neendondo zelanga. Iimeko zemozulu eziguquguqukayo zibonisa ibhatyi ekhanyayo ngaphezu kwezicathulo zokuhamba ezikhululekile.
Amalungiselelo ezempilo kunye nokhuseleko aquka ukusetyenziswa kweyeza lokugxotha iingcongconi kunye nokusela amanzi asebhotileni okanye acociweyo ukuthintela izifo ezibangelwa ngamanzi. Ukuthwala ikiti yoncedo lokuqala ngenxa yokungakhululeki okuncinci ngexesha lohambo.
Ukuqesha izikhokelo zasekhaya kunokuphucula amava kuba inika iingcali ezinolwazi ngolwazi malunga nezilwanyana zasendle kunye nendawo yokuhlala yaseKoshi Tappu. Izikhokelo zinceda ekuchongeni izilwanyana ekunzima ukuzibona, zichaza imiba yolondolozo, ukujongwa kwezilwanyana zasendle ezinoxanduva, kunye nokuhamba kwendalo.
Ukubaluleka koLondolozo
I-Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve yaseNepal yabhengezwa njengesiza sokuqala seRamsar ngo-1987. Eso simo sigxininisa ukubaluleka kwayo ekugcinweni kweentlobo ezininzi zeentlobo zemigxobhozo kunye nemekobume engqamene ne-ikholoji edlala eyona ndima ibalulekileyo kubutyebi behlabathi jikelele.
Lo vimba ubalulekile ekulondolozeni iintlobo ezingasekhoyo, njengenyathi yasendle yasendle (Arna), isilwanyana esanyisayo sokugqibela esafunyanwa eNepal. Ukukhuselwa kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nokulawulwa kwedlelo njengemisebenzi yolondolozo iye yakha kancinane inani lenyathi kwaye yagcina inkqubo yazo yendalo esesichengeni.
I-Koshi Tappu eco-tourism iyasebenza kakhulu ekukhuthazeni ubomi basekhaya. Ibonelela ngemithombo yengeniso ezinzileyo ngokhenketho olukhokelwayo, ukuhlala emakhaya, kunye nothethathethwano lwenkcubeko, olukhuthaza uluntu ukuba lukhuseleke kwaye luxhobise abantu basekuhlaleni, njengabantu baseTharu.
Ukudibanisa ulondolozo kunye nokhenketho oluzinzileyo kuthetha ukhuseleko oluqhubekayo lwezilwanyana zasendle kunye neendawo zokuhlala, ukongeza kwiinzuzo zoqoqosho nezentlalo kuluntu lwengingqi. I-Koshi Tappu sisiganeko esibonisa ukuba ukukhuselwa kwendalo, kunye nenhlalakahle yabantu, kunokubambisana kunye nokusingqongileyo.
isiphelo
I-Koshi Tappu ngenene yindawo yokufikela umkhangeli weentaka, eneentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-480 zeentaka, kuquka ezinqabileyo zokuhlala kunye neentlobo ezifudukayo. Iindawo zayo zokuhlala eziziintlobo ngeentlobo zemigxobhozo zidala amathuba awodwa okufumana intaphane yeentaka kunye nezilwanyana zasendle zokubukela kunye nokufota.
Abakhenkethi bayamenywa ukuba bajonge uKoshi Tappu ukuze bafumane indibaniselwano eyahlukileyo yezilwanyana zasendle kunye namava atyebileyo enkcubeko. Ubukhazikhazi bokusingqongileyo kwendawo yolondolozo, kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni, buya kwenza amava oyikekayo kwindalo nakwinkcubeko kuye nawuphi na umhambi.
































