ENepal, unqulo lusisikhokelo sobomi babantu baseNepal. Yonke imisebenzi yenkcubeko efana netheko nemithendeleko, amasiko emihla ngemihla, imibhiyozo yosapho, kunye nezithethe zonqulo yinxalenye yonqulo. INepal idume njengendawo yesikolo sasempuma sokucinga kwasekuqaleni. Kuyo yonke indawo eNepal, kwinyathelo elinye, umntu unokubona iitempile kunye neeShrines, iimonki kunye neViharas, imingcelele kunye nomculo wenkolo, kunye nabantu abonwabileyo. Yiyo loo nto iNepal ibizwa ngokuba lilizwe letempile kwaye iKathmandu yaziwa njengesixeko setempile. Kuthiwa sineetempile ezininzi kunezindlu zaseKathmandu. Kweso ngcinga, iNepal ibhengeze ilizwe lehlabathi ngo-2008 kodwa lisadume njengelizwe lamaHindu kubakhenkethi ngokwenkolo. I-syncretism yenkolo yeyona nto iphambili kuluntu lwaseNepali apho amaBhuda, amaSilamsi, amaKrestu kunye namaHindu ehloniphana inkolo kwaye ehlala kunye ngoxolo nangemvisiswano.
I-Kathmandu kuthiwa sineetempile ezininzi kunezindlu. Sineendawo ezininzi zonqulo eNepal. Itempile yasePashupatinath, eyeyona ndawo yenkolo yamaHindu yehlabathi ikwiKathmandu. Ezinye iindawo zokundwendwela zamaHindu yiSwargadwari, Gosainkunda, Devghat, Manakamana temple , Gorakhnath, Pathibhara, Mahamrityunjaya Shivasan, Badimalika, Janaki Temple, kunye nezinye ezininzi.
Intlambo yaseDang ikwayindawo engcwele yamaHindu kunye nezinye iinkolo. IKalika kunye neMalika Devi kwinduli yaseChhillikot, itempile yase-Ambekeshawari, itempile yaseKrishna , itempile yaseDharapani, njl.njl. ziindawo ezingcwele kwisithili saseDang. Intaba yaseChillikot ikwayindawo elungileyo yokubona indawo kwaye ikwayindawo yakudala yokumkani. IMuktinath yindawo engcwele yamaHindu kunye namaBhuda. Le ndawo ikwiMuktinath Valley kwisithili saseMustang. Kukho ezinye iindawo zonqulo ezininzi kulo lonke elaseNepal.
INepal luluntu oluneenkolo ezininzi. Olona nqulo luphambili eNepal bubuHindu. Ubume boluntu lwaseNepal ngokwenkolo luhamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
AmaHindu 81.34
AmaBhuda 9.04
ISilamsi 4.38
IKirat 3.04
UbuKristu 1.41
IiNdawo zeNkolo yamaHindu:
IiNarayan ezine (Char Narayans):
I-Four Narayan's (i-Bisankhu, i-Changu, i-Ichangu, kunye ne-Sesh) yenye yeendawo eziphambili zokhenketho lwenkolo kwintlambo yase-Kathmandu. Iitempile ezine zeNarayan zifumaneka kwisithili saseKathmandu, Lalitpur, naseBhaktapur. Kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwezi tempile zaseNarayan njengoko kwinyanga kaNovemba abazinikeleyo bandwendwela zonke iitempile ezine zeNarayan kwaye bagqibezela isiko labo ngomhla weHaribodhini Ekadasi.
1.Bishamkhu Narayan
2.Ichangu Narayan
3.Shesh Narayan
4.Changu Narayan
Itempile yaseDolakha Bhimsen:
Itempile edumileyo yaseBhimeshwor ikwiDolakha Bazaar yesithili saseDolakha. UThixo uBhimsen wafumana umfanekiso oyintloko kule tempile. UBhim uthathwa njengenkosana yesibini yePanch Pandav ( Mahabharat ) kwaye unqulwa kakhulu ngabarhwebi okanye abathengisi njengothixo wabo wentando. EDolakha phantsi kwetempile engenaphahla, esi sithixo sithathwa njengoBhim sen kodwa sinokuzalwa ngokutsha kathathu njengoBhimsen, uThixokazi uBhagawati, kunye noThixo uShiva. Izilwanyana ezinikelwa kule tempile ngenxa yoThixokazi uBhagawati kodwa azizange zibingelele ngegazi eNkosini uShiva. Kodwa kule tempile uThixo abathathu banqulwa ngokwahlukileyo kathathu ngemini.
Iimboniso zibanjwa kule tempile kwiziganeko ezifana noBala Chaturdashi , uRam Navami, uChaitra Ashtami, kunye noBhima Ekadashi. Ngexesha lomnyhadala. Isilwanyana esibingelelwa apha. Malunga neemitha ezingama-200 ukusuka kwitempile yaseBhimeshwar kukho itempile yaseTripura Sundari apho abanquli bahlanganisana khona ngexesha leminyhadala kaChaitrastami noDashain. Ngumbingeleli wale tempile kuphela ovunyelwe ukubona umfanekiso ongaphakathi.
Eli bali libalisa ukuba kudala, kudala kwakukho abathwali abali-12 ababevela kwenye indawo ababemisa kule ndawo baza bazama ukwenza izitovu zamatye ezithathu ukuze bapheke irayisi. Emva kwexesha elithile, enye inxalenye yerayisi yayisele iphekiwe kodwa enye isala ingaphekwa. Xa umgcini-sango wayishenxisa irayisi ephekiweyo ukuya kwenye indawo ayizange iphekwe kwakhona kuba yadibana nelitye elimnyama elimilise unxantathu. Omnye wabagcini-mnyango waba nomsindo waza wagwaza ilitye nge “Paneu” (i-laddle, igazi eligqunywe ngobisi laphuma. Kamva baqonda ukuba ilitye nguThixo Bhim baza baqalisa ukunqula ilitye.
Kusasenzeka ummangaliso kwitempile yaseDolakha Bhimsen. Mininzi imizekelo eqwalasela lo mmangaliso. Yabila ngexesha lentshukumo ye-1980, 1990 ngaphambi kokuba iRoyal macassared, phambi kwenyikima ka-2015 njl. Xa bekubila kuza kubakho iziganeko ezinkulu elizweni oko kukuthi naluphi na utshintsho lwezopolitiko, amashwa. Kunokuthiwa ukubila kweBhimsen kukulumkisa kwangaphambili okanye ukubikezelwa kweshwangusha.
Ngokutsho kweBhineshowar Shivapuran, kwakukho uBukumkani bukaBhima obabusiswe nguThixo uBrahma. Abantu, ababehlala ebukumkanini bukaBhima, babephila ubomi obubuhlungu; bathandaza kuthixo uShiva ukuba asindise ubomi babo. INkosi uShiva yavela kwiiNtaba zaseGaurishanker yaza yabulala ukumkani uBhim. Emva kokufa kukaBhim, umfanekiso kaBhimeshowar wamiswa kuloo ndawo waza wabizwa ngokuba yiBhimeshowar.
Itempile yaseSwargadwari:
ISwargadwari yindawo yetempile esentabeni kunye nendawo yokunqula iindwendwe kwisithili sasePyuthan. Yenye yeendawo zonqulo zamaHindu ezidumileyo. Ikwindawo esemazantsi esithili sasePyuthan. Iinkomo zinqulwa njengooThixokazi kwinkolo yobuHindu. Kuthiwa yasekwa nguGuru Maharaj Narayan Khatri ( Swami Hamsananda ) owachitha uninzi lobomi bakhe kwindawo leyo esalusa kwaye esenga amawaka eenkomo. Ngokutsho kwamabali emveli, abanye babantu abazinikeleyo bamlandela ukuze babone apho wayezisa khona iinkomo, kodwa abazange bamfumane.
Ngokutsho kwabantu abadala bendawo, wafika evela eRolpa kwindawo yetempile yangoku waza wacela umninindlu ukuba amnike umhlaba. Wemba umhlaba waza wafumana irayisi exutyiweyo kunye nomlilo. Wayechaze ukuba ezi zinto zezo zangcwatywa yiPandavas eDwapar Yuga Xa babenqula kule ndawo ngaphambi kokuba baye ezulwini. Umninindlu wothuka. Wavuma ukunikezela umhlaba ngoko nangoko. Emva koko umlilo ongcwele uqhubeka uvutha kude kube ngoko. I-Bivat (uthuthu) lweenkuni ezitshiswe ngumlilo ongcwele kukholelwa ukuba ziphilisa izifo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba ezifana neentloko ezibuhlungu, iintlungu zesisu, njl.
Ngaphambi kokuba awushiye umzimba wenyama u-guru wanika amanye amandla akhe kubafundi abambalwa. Mhla wawushiya umzimba wakhe wenyama ngomnqweno wakhe, abantu abaninzi bahlanganisana kuye kwindawo awayehlala ecamngca kuyo. UGuru wawushiya umzimba wakhe emva kokuvalelisa kubafundi bakhe nakwabanye abalandeli. Inkomo awayeyithanda kakhulu nayo yafa ngephanyazo, zaza ezinye iinkomo zanyamalala ngendlela engummangaliso kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa.
Kukwakho nengxelo yeenkomo ezikhupha ubisi lwazo zodwa yonke imihla ngaxeshanye, kwindawo apho uGuru wafela khona. Wayenze imimangaliso emininzi ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe. Ngesinye isihlandlo wacela abelusi beenkomo baseRolpali ukuba bangazithathi iinkomo kwindawo ethile ukuze ziyokudliswa, ebalumkisa ngokudilika komhlaba kuloo ndawo. Kodwa abavumanga baza bakhukuliswa kukudilika komhlaba. Wayedla ngokubalisa ithamsanqa labo bazinikeleyo. Wancedwa kakhulu amahlwempu ukuba akhe indlu yawo.
Wakwazi ukufundisa abantwana izibhalo zeVedic nezinye izibhalo zonqulo. Basenokwenza unqulo lweVedic etempileni emva kokufunda. Kodwa, ukwenza oku akusinyanzeliso emva kokufunda. ISwargadwari ibalwa phakathi kweendawo eziphambili zohambo lwaseNepal kwaye idweliswe kuluhlu lwesizwe lweendawo zenkcubeko nezembali.
Itempile yasePathivara:
ITempile yasePathivara yenye yeetempile eziBalulekileyo eNepal , ekwinduli yaseTaplejung . Ikwathathwa njengenye yeendawo ezingcwele zamaHindu. Abanquli abavela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zaseNepal naseIndiya bayakhawuleza ukuya etempileni ngexesha leziganeko ezikhethekileyo. Kukholelwa ukuba uhambo oluya etempileni luqinisekisa ukufezekiswa kweminqweno yabahambi.
Le tempile ikwi-19.4 North East ukusuka kumasipala wasePhungling kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-3,794 m (12,444 ft). Isebenza njengendlela yesibini yohambo lwaseKanchenjunga. AmaPilgrim anikela ngemibingelelo yezilwanyana, igolide, nesilivere ukukholisa uthixokazi. Kukholelwa ukuba uthixokazi uPathuvara unamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo kwaye uphendula ngenkuthalo imithandazo yabakholwayo. Abakholwayo bamjonga njengomqondiso wobufazi bobuthixo, okwachazwa ngamanye amagama anjengo-Adhikari, Maha Maya, Maha Rudra phakathi kwezinye iintlobo zakhe zobuThixo.
Iintsomi zithi abelusi basekuhlaleni baphulukene namakhulu eegusha zabo ngoxa babesidla kwalapho itempile imi kuyo namhlanje. Abalusi ababecinezelekile baba nephupha apho uthixokazi wabayalela ukuba benze amadini ezimvu ngokwesithethe baze bakhe itempile ngokumzukisa. Xa kwakunikelwa idini umhlambi olahlekileyo kwakusithiwa wabuya. Isithethe sokwenza amadini ngaphakathi etempileni kukholeleka ukuba saqala emva kwesehlo.
Itempile yaseJanaki eJanakpur:
UJanaki Mandir, owaziwa ngokuba yiNau Lakha Mandir , yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zohambo lwamaHindu oluya eJanakpur, ezinikele kuthixokazi wamaHindu uSita . Ixabiso lokwakhiwa kwetempile yayizii-lakh ezilithoba okanye amakhulu alithoba amawaka; yiyo loo nto yathiywa igama lokuba yiNau Lakha Mandir. Ngokutsho kukaRamayan, uKujg Janak, umlawuli weVideha ( Janakpur ), Ngexesha leRamayana, watshata intombi yakhe uSita nenkosana yaseAyodhya Ram. UJanaki okanye uSita, ngexesha leSwyambar (umtshato), wakhetha iNkosi uRama njengomyeni wakhe. Umsitho wabo womtshato wenzeke kwitempile ekufutshane ebizwa ngokuba yiVivaha Mandap.
Akwaziwa umhla ochanekileyo wokwakhiwa kwayo kodwa kuthiwa le tempile yakhiwa ngaphambi kwenkulungwane ye-16, nto leyo efumaneka kwiincwadi. UKumkanikazi uVrisha Bhanu waseTikamgarh, eIndiya wakha itempile ngo-1911 AD ngendlela yanamhlanje. Yakhiwe kwiindawo ezingama-4,860 SQ feet ngohlobo oluxutyiweyo lwezakhiwo zeMughal kunye nezamaHindu. Itempile iphakame ngeemitha ezingama-50. Sisakhiwo esinemigangatho emithathu esenziwe ngamatye kunye nemarble ngokupheleleyo. Onke amagumbi ayo angama-60 ahlotshiswe ngeflegi yaseNepal , iglasi enemibala, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo, kunye nemifanekiso kaMithila, kunye neefestile ezintle zelattice kunye neeturrets.
Ngomnyaka we-1657, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo weGolidekazi uSita wafunyanwa kanye kuloo ndawo, kwaye uSita kuthiwa wayehlala apho. Intsomi yathi yakhiwe kwindawo engcwele apho uSannyasi Shurkishordas wayengumseki weJanakpur yanamhlanje kunye nongcwele omkhulu wembongi owashumayela malunga nesayithi i-Upasana (ekwabizwa ngokuba yiSita Upanishad) Philosophy. Iintsomi zithi uKumkani uJanak (seeradhwaj) wenza unqulo lweShiva-Dhanush kwindawo yayo.
ITempile yaseBudkanilkantha (iVishnu eleleyo):
Itempile yaseBudhanilkantha, (iSleeping Vishnu) eyaziwa ngokuba yitempile yaseNarayansthan, ikwindawo engaphantsi kweNtaba yaseShivapuri emantla entlambo yaseKathmandu, kuMasipala waseBudhanilkantha , le tempile inikezelwe kwiNkosi uVishnu. Umfanekiso oyintloko wetempile kaVishnu oleleyo uthathwa njengomfanekiso omkhulu welitye wexesha likaLicchavi.
Itempile ikwabizwa ngokuba nguBuddha-Budhanilkantha. Ukuba sijonga umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaVishnu oleleyo, sinokubona ibunzi likaBuddha. Ngaloo ndlela ithathwa njengendibaniselwano yobuHindu kunye nobuBhuda kumfanekiso oqingqiweyo ogama linguBuddha-Budhanilkantha. UBuddha uchaza iNkosi uShiva. Ke, yindibaniselwano yeShaivism kunye neVaishnavism kunye neBuddhism enikezela ngeSyncretism yezenkolo yexesha leLicchavi.
