Inzima kangakanani i-Everest Base Camp Trek?

The I-Everest Base Camp (EBC) uhambo ingolunye lohambo oluyisakhiwo sodumo nolufunwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Inikeza inhlanganisela yezindawo ezimangalisayo, okuhlangenwe nakho okucebile kwamasiko, nomuzwa wokuphumelela lapho ufika ekamu eliphansi lentaba ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni, i-Mount Everest (8,848.86 metres). Nokho, lolu hambo alunazo izinselele. Izinga lobunzima lohambo lwe-EBC lingathathwa njengelimaphakathi ukuya kuye elikhandlayo, kuye ngezinga lokufaneleka lomdlali we-trekker, ukujwayelana nokuphakama kwe-altitude, kanye nolwazi lokuhamba nge-altitude.

Ukubuka konke kwe-Everest Base Camp Trek

• Izinga lobunzima: Kumaphakathi kuya kokuqinile
• Ubude besikhathi: Izinsuku eziyi-12 (Lukla kuya kuLukla)
• Ubude bebanga: Cishe i-130 km (80.7 miles)
• Ubude obuphezulu: amamitha angu-5,364 (amamitha angu-17,598) e-Everest Base Camp
• Isikhathi esimaphakathi sansuku zonke sokuhamba: Amahora angama-5-8
• Indawo: Izindlu zetiye/Izindawo zokulala
• Isikhathi Esingcono Sokuhamba: NgoMashi kuya kuMeyi noSepthemba kuya kuNovemba

Uhambo Oluningiliziwe Lwezinsuku Eziyi-12 ukusuka e-Lukla ukuya e-Everest Base Camp and Return

Usuku 1: Ndiza usuka e-Kathmandu uye e-Lukla (amamitha angu-2,800/9,186 amafidi) kanye ne-Trek to Phakding (amamitha angu-2,652/8,700 amafidi)

• engamamitha: Iqala kumamitha angu-2,800 futhi yehlele kumamitha angu-2,652
• ibanga: 8 km (5 miles)
• Isikhathi Sokuhamba: Amahora angama-3-4
• Incazelo: I-adventure iqala nge-scenic indiza esuka eKathmandu iya eLukla, idolobha elincane elisezintabeni. Indiza inikeza ukubukwa okumangalisayo kwezintaba ze-Himalaya. Ngemva kokufika e-Lukla, uhambo luqala ngokuhamba kancane emadolobheni amahle nasezindaweni eziluhlaza. Umzila wehlela e-Phakding, lapho abahambi bechitha ubusuku endaweni yetiye enethezekile.

Usuku 2: Uhambo olusuka ePhakding luya eNamche Bazaar (3,440 amamitha/11,286 amafithi)

• engamamitha: Inzuzo yamamitha angu-788 (2,586 amafidi)
• ibanga: 10-12 km (6.2-7.5 miles)
• Isikhathi Sokuhamba: Amahora angama-5-6
• Incazelo: Uhambo oluya UNamche Bazaar kuyinselele kakhulu njengoba umzila uhlanganisa imiqansa eminingana. Ama-Trekkers awela umfula i-Dudh Koshi kaningi ngamabhuloho amisiwe. Umqansa wokugcina oya eNamche Bazaar umqansa, kodwa umvuzo yidolobha elinempilo laseNamche, isango eliya esifundeni sase-Everest, elaziwa ngezimakethe zalo, amathilomu, nokubukwa okumangalisayo kweziqongo ezizungezile.

Usuku 3: Usuku Lokujwayela eNamche Bazaar

• engamamitha: Ukujwayela ku-3,440 amamitha
• Imisebenzi: Hamba uye e-Everest View Hotel (3,880 amamitha/12,729 amafithi) noma uhlole iNamche Bazaar
• Incazelo: Ukujwayela kubalulekile kuhambo oluyimpumelelo oluya e-Everest Base Camp. Lolu suku luvumela abahamba ngezinyawo ukuthi bajwayele ukuphakama. Uhambo olufushane oludumile luya e-Everest View Hotel, lapho abahamba ngezinyawo bengajabulela ukubuka kwe-Everest, Lhotse, Ama Dablam, nezinye iziqongo. Usuku lunikeza nethuba lokuhlola iNamche Bazaar.

Usuku 4: Uhambo olusuka eNamche Bazaar ukuya eTengboche (3,860 amamitha/12,664 amafidi)

• engamamitha: Inzuzo yamamitha angu-420 (1,378 amafidi)
• ibanga: 9 km (5.6 miles)
• Isikhathi Sokuhamba: Amahora angama-5-6
• Incazelo: Uhambo oluya e-Tengboche lunhle, lunokubukwa okuhle kwe-Everest, Nuptse, Lhotse, kanye ne-Ama Dablam. Umzila wehlela emfuleni i-Dudh Koshi bese ukhuphuka ummango unqamule emahlathini e-rhododendron ukuze ufike e-Tengboche. I-Tengboche iyikhaya leSigodlo Sezindela saseTengboche esidumile, esikhulu kunazo zonke esifundeni saseKhumbu, lapho abahambi bengabona khona amasiko amaBuddha futhi bajabulele umoya opholile.

Usuku lwesi-5: Uhambo olusuka e-Tengboche luya e-Dingboche (amamitha angu-4,410/14,469 amafidi)

• engamamitha: Inzuzo yamamitha angu-550 (1,805 amafidi)
• ibanga: 10-11 km (6.8 miles)
• Isikhathi Sokuhamba: Amahora angama-5-6
• Incazelo: Umzila oya e-Dingboche udlula ezigodini ezinhle njenge-Pangboche futhi unikeza ukubukwa okumangalisayo kwe-Ama Dablam. Njengoba ukuphakama kwanda, indawo iba mangelengele futhi iwugwadule, nezihlahla ezimbalwa. I-Dingboche iyidolobhana elihle elaziwa ngamasimu abiyelwe ngamatshe kanye nokubukwa kwezintaba okumangalisayo. Lobu ubusuku bokuqala obuchithwe ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-4,000, ngakho abahambi badinga ukuqaphela ukugula kokuphakama kwendawo.

Usuku 6: Usuku Lokujwayela e-Dingboche

• engamamitha: Ukujwayela ku-4,410 amamitha
• Imisebenzi: Hamba uye eNangkartshang Peak (amamitha angu-5,083/16,625 amafidi) noma uhlole idolobhana
• Incazelo: Olunye usuku lokujwayeza luyadingeka ukuze ulungiselele izindawo eziphakeme ezizayo. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo okunconyiwe ukuya e-Nangkartshang Peak, enikeza ukubukwa okumangalisayo kweMakalu, Lhotse, nezinye iziqongo eziphakeme. Ngaphandle kwalokho, abagibeli bangathatha uhambo olufushane eduze kwase-Dingboche futhi bajabulele indawo enokuthula.

Usuku lwesi-7: Uhambo olusuka e-Dingboche luya e-Lobuche (amamitha angu-4,940/16,207 amafidi)

• engamamitha: Inzuzo yamamitha angu-530 (1,738 amafidi)
• ibanga: 8-9 km (5.6 miles)
• Isikhathi Sokuhamba: Amahora angama-5-6
• Incazelo: Umzila osuka e-Dingboche uya e-Lobuche uyinselele uma kuqhathaniswa ngenxa yokuphakama. Indlela idlula endaweni enamatshe ye-Khumbu Glacier, enengxenye ebalulekile yomqansa eholela eThukla Pass, lapho kutholakala khona izikhumbuzo zabaqwali abalahlekelwa izimpilo zabo e-Everest. Usuku luphela e-Lobuche, indawo yokuhlala encane enezindlu zetiye eziyisisekelo kanye nemibono emangalisayo ye-Nuptse ne-Pumori.

Usuku lwesi-8: Uhambo olusuka eLobuche luya e-Everest Base Camp (amamitha angu-5,364/17,598 amafidi) nge-Gorak Shep (amamitha angu-5,170/16,961 amafidi), bese Ubuyela e-Gorak Shep

• engamamitha: Inzuzo yamamitha angu-424 (1,391 amafidi) ukuya e-Base Camp
• ibanga: 12-13 km (8 miles) uhambo nokubuya
• Isikhathi Sokuhamba: Amahora angama-7-8
• Incazelo: Lolu wusuku olulindelwe kakhulu lohambo. Ama-Trekkers aqala ekuseni kakhulu futhi afika e-Gorak Shep, indawo yokugcina ngaphambi kwe-Everest Base Camp. Ngemva kokuphumula kancane, uhambo luqhubekela e-Everest Base Camp, lapho indawo igcwele khona iKhumbu Icefall kanye neziqongo ezizungezile. Ukufinyelela i-Everest Base Camp kuyimpumelelo enkulu kwabaningi, nakuba kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi imibono ye-Everest ngokwayo ingcono kwamanye amaphuzu ohambweni. Ngemva kokuchitha isikhathi esithile e-Base Camp, abahamba ngezinyawo babuyela e-Gorak Shep ebusuku.

Usuku lwesi-9: Hamba uye eKala Patthar (amamitha angu-5,545/18,192 amafidi) kanye ne-Trek to Pheriche (amamitha angu-4,371/14,340 amafidi)

• engamamitha: Ukuzuza ngamamitha angu-375 (1,230 amafidi) ukuya eKala Patthar, bese wehla ngamamitha angu-1,174 (3,852 amafidi)
• ibanga: 15 km (9.3 miles)
• Isikhathi Sokuhamba: Amahora angama-7-8
• Incazelo: Usuku luqala ekuseni ngohambo oluya e-Kala Patthar, umbono owaziwayo wokuphuma kwelanga phezu kwe-Everest. Emamitha angu-5,545, iKala Patthar inikeza ukubukwa okuhle kakhulu kwe-Everest neziqongo ezizungezile. Ngemva kokungena emibonweni, abahambi behlela e-Gorak Shep ukuze bayodla isidlo sasekuseni ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nohambo lokuya e-Pheriche, idolobhana elaziwa ngendawo yalo yosizo kanye nezintaba ezimangalisayo.

Usuku lwe-10: Uhambo olusuka ePheriche ukuya eNamche Bazaar

• engamamitha: Yehla isuka ku-4,371 metres iye ku-3,440 metres
• ibanga: 15 km (9.3 miles)
• Isikhathi Sokuhamba: Amahora angama-6-7
• Incazelo: Uhambo olubuyela e-Namche Bazaar lubandakanya usuku olude lokuhamba, nomzila omningi wehla unqamula amadolobhana ajwayelekile kanye nezindawo. Ukuphakama okuphansi kunikeza impumuzo, futhi abahamba ngezinyawo bangajabulela uhlaza namahlathi futhi. INamche Bazaar, nokunethezeka nezinsiza zayo, iwumbono owamukelekayo ngemva kwezinsuku ezinzima ezichithwa ezindaweni eziphakeme.

Usuku 11: Uhambo olusuka eNamche Bazaar ukuya eLukla

• engamamitha: Yehla isuka ku-3,440 metres iye ku-2,800 metres
• ibanga: 18-20 km (11-12.5 miles)
• Isikhathi Sokuhamba: Amahora angama-6-8
• Incazelo: Usuku lokugcina lohambo luthatha abahambi ababuyela e-Lukla, balandele izinyathelo ngeSagarmatha National Park. Umzila uvame ukwehla, kodwa kunezigaba zokugcina zokukhuphuka ngaphambi kokufika e-Lukla. Lapho ufika e-Lukla, abahambi bangakwazi ukukhululeka futhi bajabulele ukuqedwa kohambo, becabanga ngohambo nezinto ezimangalisayo ezenzeka endleleni.

Usuku 12: Ndiza usuka e-Lukla uye e-Kathmandu

• engamamitha: Yehla isuka ku-2,800 metres iye ku-1,400 metres
• Isikhathi sendiza: 30-40 imizuzu
• Incazelo: Uhambo luphetha ngendiza ebuyela e-Kathmandu. Indiza inikeza ithuba lokugcina lokubuka ukubukwa okuhle kwezintaba ze-Himalaya. Lapho befika e-Kathmandu, abahamba ngezinyawo bangajabulela ukunethezeka kwedolobha kanye nokwaneliseka kokuqeda uhambo lwe-Everest Base Camp.

Altitude and Acclimatization

The Uhambo lwe-Everest Base Camp izinsuku eziyi-14 ifinyelela endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angu-5,545 eKala Patthar, nekamu eliyisisekelo ngokwalo lihlezi kumamitha angu-5,364. Ukuphakama okuphezulu kubangela inselele enkulu, njengoba umoya uba mncane, okwenza ukuphefumula kube nzima kakhulu. I-Altitude sickness, noma I-Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), iyinkinga evamile, futhi ukujwayelana okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi.

Uhambo ludizayinelwe ngezinsuku zokujwayela e-Namche Bazaar nase-Dingboche ukusiza abagibeli bezitimela bazijwayelane nokuphakama kancane kancane. Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale unamanzi, ukhuphuke kancane, futhi ulalele izimpawu zomzimba. Izimpawu zokugula kwe-altitude zihlanganisa ubuhlungu bekhanda, isicanucanu, isiyezi, nokuphelelwa umoya. Uma izimpawu ziba zimbi, kubalulekile ukwehlela endaweni ephansi ngokushesha.

Ibanga Lokuhamba Nobude besikhathi

Ibanga eliphelele lohambo lwe-Everest Base Camp lilinganiselwa ku-130 km (80.7 miles) uhambo nokubuya ukusuka e-Lukla. Amabanga ohambo lwansuku zonke asukela ku-8 km kuya ku-20 km, kuya ngesigaba somzila. Ama-Trekkers kufanele alindele ukuhamba amahora angu-5-8 ngosuku, ngezinye izinsuku ezikhandla kakhulu kunezinye.

Umzila ngokwawo uyahlukahluka ngobunzima, nezigaba zokukhuphuka nokwehla, indawo enamatshe, kanye nokuwela ibhuloho elimisiwe. Ukunyukela e-Everest Base Camp kuhamba kancane kodwa kuyinselele, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukuphakama kunyuka. Ukwehla kuyashesha kodwa kusadingeka, ikakhulukazi emadolweni nasemalungeni.

Teahouse Izimo

Indawo yokuhlala eduze nohambo lwe-Everest Base Camp ngokuyinhloko isezindaweni zetiye, okuyizindawo zokulala eziyisisekelo ezinikeza ukudla nendawo yokulala. Izinga lezindlu zetiye liyahlukahluka, kunezinsiza ezengeziwe ezitholakala emizaneni emikhulu njengeNamche Bazaar neLukla. Ezigodini eziphakeme njengeGorak Shep kanye neLobuche, izinsiza ziyisisekelo kakhulu, nokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kugesi, izihlambi ezishisayo, ne-inthanethi.

Izindlu zetiye ngokuvamile zinikeza amagumbi ahlukene kabili anemibhede elula, izingubo zokulala, nemicamelo. Amakamelo okugeza ngokuvamile ayabelwe, futhi amashawa ashisayo ayatholakala ngenkokhelo eyengeziwe. Ukudla kunikezwa endaweni yokudlela yomphakathi, ngemenyu ehlanganisa izitsha ze-Nepali zasendaweni ezifana ne-dal bhat (irayisi nesobho likadali), kanye nezinketho zamazwe ngamazwe njenge-pasta, ama-noodle, namakhekhe.

Naphezu kwezimo eziyisisekelo, izindlu zetiye zifudumele futhi zamukelekile, zinikeza indawo ethokomele yokuphumula nokuzijabulisa nabanye abahamba ngezinyawo. Kutuswa ukuphatha isikhwama sokulala sekhwalithi enhle, njengoba amazinga okushisa angehla kakhulu ebusuku, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziphakeme.

Ukuzilungiselela ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo

Uhambo lwe-Everest Base Camp lunzima ngokomzimba, ludinga izinga elihle lokuqina nokuqina. Ama-Trekkers kufanele azilungiselele ngokuzivivinya njalo imithambo yenhliziyo, ukuziqeqeshela amandla, nokuhamba ngezinyawo ephethe ubhaka ezinyangeni eziholela ohambweni. Ukulungiswa kwengqondo nakho kubalulekile, njengoba uhambo lungaba inselele engqondweni ngenxa yezinsuku ezinde zokuhamba, ukuphakama, nezimo zezulu ezingalindelekile.

Kubalulekile ukuzinyakazisa, uhlale unethemba, futhi ugcine isigqi esiqinile kulo lonke uhambo. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo neqembu noma umhlahlandlela kunganikeza ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kanye nogqozi, kwenze uhambo lube mnandi futhi lungabi nzima.

Izinselelo Ezibalulekile ze-Everest Base Camp Trek

1. engamamitha: Inselele eyinhloko yohambo lwe-Everest Base Camp ukuphakama okuphezulu, okungaholela ekuguleni kwe-altitude. Ukujwayela okufanele, i-hydration, kanye nokuhamba kancane kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi.
2. Isidingo Esingokomzimba: Uhambo lubandakanya izinsuku ezinde zokuhamba, nokukhuphuka okubalulekile nokwehla. Ama-Trekkers adinga ukuqina ngokomzimba futhi alungele izidingo zomzila.
3. Weather: Isimo sezulu esifundeni sase-Everest singase sibe esingalindelekile, ngokushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa, ukukhithika, nomoya. Kubalulekile ukulungiselela zonke izimo zezulu kanye nokuthwala izingubo ezifanele kanye nemishini.
4. Indawo: Nakuba ama-teahouse ehlinzeka ngendawo yokuhlala eyisisekelo, izinsiza zinganqunyelwa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziphakeme. Ama-Trekkers kufanele alungiselelwe izimo zokuphila ezilula kanye nokwenzeka kwezindawo zokwabelana.
5. Ukuqina Kwengqondo: Uhambo lungaba inselele emqondweni ngenxa yezidingo zomzimba, ukuphakama, kanye nokuhlukaniswa. Ukuhlala ugqugquzelekile nokugcina isimo sengqondo esihle kubalulekile ukuze uqedele uhambo ngempumelelo.

Isiphetho

Uhambo lwe-Everest Base Camp luwuhambo lwempilo yonke, lunikeza ulwazi olungasoze lwalibaleka lokuhamba ngezinyawo phakathi kwenhliziyo yezintaba ze-Himalaya. Nakuba uhambo luyinselele, lunezindawo eziphakeme eziphakeme, izinsuku ezinde zokuhamba, nezimo zokuphila eziyisisekelo, imivuzo mikhulu kakhulu. Ukubuka okumangalisayo kwe-Mount Everest neziqongo ezizungezile, ukuhlangana kwamasiko okucebile nabantu bakwa-Sherpa, nomuzwa wokuphumelela lapho ufika e-Everest Base Camp kwenza uhambo lube uhambo olumangalisayo ngempela.

Ngokulungiselela okufanele, ukujwayelana, kanye nesimo sengqondo esihle, abahamba ngezinyawo bamazinga ahlukahlukene okufaneleka bangaqeda ngempumelelo uhambo lwe-Everest Base Camp. Izinselele okubhekenwe nazo endleleni ziyingxenye ye-adventure, okwenza uhambo oluya phansi kwentaba ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni lube yinto ezothakazelelwa impilo yakho yonke.

Isihluthulelo sohambo oluphumelelayo sisekuhlonipheni intaba, ukuqonda izingozi, nokuzilungiselela kokubili ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Uhambo lwe-Everest Base Camp akulona nje uhambo olungokwenyama, kodwa ukuhlola okungokomoya namasiko okushiya umbono ohlala njalo kulabo abakwenzayo. Noma ngabe izindawo ezimangalisayo, ubungane nabanye abahamba ngezinyawo, noma ukuxhumana okujulile nemvelo, uhambo lwe-Everest Base Camp luyisipiliyoni esiguqulayo esizohlala nawe ingunaphakade.