Shiva Ratri, owaziwa nangokuthi Maha Shivaratri, ungomunye wemikhosi yamaHindu ebaluleke kakhulu egujwa eNepal nakwezinye izingxenye zeNdiya. Ugujwa ngobusuku be-13/ngosuku lwe-14 lwenyanga yamaHindu iPhalguna, eba ngoFebhuwari. Lo mkhosi unikezelwe ku Nkosi Shiva, omunye wonkulunkulu ababaluleke kakhulu kubuHindu.
Igama elithi "Ratri" lisho "ubusuku" ngesiSanskrit, kanti elithi "Shiva" libhekisela eNkosini Shiva. Ngakho-ke, igama lomkhosi lihunyushwa ngokuthi "ubusuku beNkosi Shiva". Kukholakala ukuthi ngalobu busuku, iNkosi Shiva yenza "i-Tandava", umdanso we-cosmic obonisa ukudalwa nokubhujiswa kwendawo yonke.
I-Shiva Ratri yisikhathi sokuzindla ngokomoya, ukuzila ukudla nokuzinikela. Abantu bathutheleka emathempelini anikezelwe ku-Lord Shiva ukuze bathandaze, bacule izingoma zokuzinikela, futhi benze amasiko. Amathempeli ahlotshiswe ngezimbali nezibani, futhi umoya ugcwele ukukhala kwezinsimbi nokuhuba kwamazwi.
E-Nepal, lo mkhosi ugujwa ngentshiseko enkulu nangentshiseko. Abantu abavela kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi baluphi uhlanga, inkolo, noma ubulili, bayahlangana ukuze bahlanganyele emikhosini. Umgubho omkhulukazi wenzeka ethempelini lasePashupatinath eKathmandu, elithathwa njengenye yezindawo ezingcwele ezinikezelwe ku-Lord Shiva. Izinkulungwane zabazinikele zibuthana ethempelini ukuze zenze imithandazo, zenze amasiko, futhi zizicwilise eMfuleni iBagmati, ogudla eduze kwethempeli.
Elinye isiko elibalulekile elihlotshaniswa noShiva Ratri wumlindelo wobusuku bonke, lapho abazinikele behlala bephapheme futhi bethandaza eNkosini Shiva ubusuku bonke. Kukholelwa ukuthi ukwenza kanjalo kungasiza umuntu athole izibusiso futhi akhulule esinye sezono zakhe.
Ngaphezu kwesici esingokomoya, i-Shiva Ratri nayo iyisikhathi semikhosi yamasiko. Kwezinye izingxenye zeNepal, imidanso yesintu yenzelwe ukuhlonipha iNkosi Shiva. Omunye umdanso onjalo umdanso othi “Bhailini”, owenziwa ngabesifazane futhi ufanekisela ukudalwa kwendawo yonke ngomdanso we-cosmic weNkosi Shiva.
Sengiphetha, i-Shiva Ratri ingumkhosi obalulekile e-Nepal ohlanganisa abantu abavela kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila ukuze bagubhe amandla nobukhosi beNkosi Shiva. Yisikhathi sokuzindla ngokomoya, ukuzinikela, kanye nomgubho wamasiko, futhi uyaqhubeka nokubamba iqhaza elibalulekile ezimpilweni zabantu baseNepali.
Ithempeli lasePashupatinath:
Ithempeli lasePashupatinath iyithempeli lamaHindu eliseKathmandu, eNepal, futhi linikezelwe eNkosini uPashupatinath, umfuziselo weNkosi uShiva. Leli thempeli libhekwa njengenye yezindawo ezingcwele kakhulu zabazinikele kumaHindu futhi lingenye yezindawo zeGugu Lomhlaba ze-UNESCO eNepal.
Isakhiwo sethempeli, esihlanganisa indawo ecishe ibe ngamahektha angama-264, sisosebeni loMfula i-Bagmati futhi sinenani lezindawo ezingcwele, amathempeli, nezikhumbuzo. Ithempeli elikhulu liyisakhiwo se-pagoda esinophahla lwegolide, izicabha ezine zesiliva, nemifanekiso eyinkimbinkimbi emboze izindonga zalo.
Ithempeli lasePashupatinath kuthiwa lakhiwa ngekhulu lesi-5, nakuba usuku oluqondile lungaqinisekisiwe. Kuwo wonke umlando walo, ithempeli liye lalungiswa kaningi futhi lengezwa, ngesakhiwo samanje esisukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17.
Ithempeli liyindawo enkulu yokuhambela amaHindu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi somkhosi weShivaratri. Izinkulungwane zabazinikele zithutheleka ethempelini ukuze zenze imithandazo, zenze amasiko, futhi zicwilise ngokungcwele eMfuleni iBagmati. Amagceke ethempeli asebenza njengendawo yemikhosi yokushiswa kwesidumbu, futhi kuthiwa labo abashiswa lapha bathola ukukhululwa emjikelezweni wokuzalwa kabusha.
Ngaphezu kokubaluleka kwezenkolo, iThempeli lasePashupatinath liyaziwa nangokwakhiwa kwalo okumangalisayo nemifanekiso eqoshiwe eyinkimbinkimbi. Uphahla lwethempeli olunesitayela se-pagoda, iminyango yesiliva, nezindonga eziqoshwe ngokuyinkimbinkimbi kuwubufakazi bekhono nobungcweti babadwebi abalidala.
Ithempeli lizungezwe inqwaba yezindawo ezingcwele namathempeli, kanye namaGhats amaningana (izitebhisi eziholela ezansi emfuleni) ngenjongo yokugeza kanye nezinjongo zesiko. Isakhiwo sethempeli siphinde sibe nenani leminyuziyamu nemibukiso, ekhombisa amagugu acebile aseNepal.
Ekuphetheni, i I-Pashupatinath ithempeli kuyisibonakaliso sefa elicebile lamasiko nelingokomoya laseNepal. Liyindawo enkulu yokuhambela amaHindu futhi liheha izinkulungwane zabantu abazinikele minyaka yonke, linikeza umbono ngomlando ocebile namasiko ezwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna izinto ezingokomoya noma umane unesithakazelo emlandweni kanye nokwakhiwa kwethempeli, ukuvakashela iThempeli lasePashupatinath kuyinto ongayikhohlwa.
