Yini oyifunayo ngenkathi uhamba ngezinyawo? Ingabe kuwukuphila okugcwele ubumnandi, ingabe ukuxhumana okuseduze nemvelo namasiko, noma ukubukwa okuhle? Mhlawumbe konke, kodwa Ukuhamba ngezinyawo eNepal kuyinselele, futhi ungakhathazeki isikhathi nemali okufanele isetshenziswe. Uma lokhu kwesaba kukuvimbela ekubeni ne-adventure yempilo yakho, uze endaweni efanele.
I-Annapurna Base Camp (ABC) Trek yilokho kanye okufunayo ngeholide lakho elilandelayo. Uhambo olusuka e-Pokhara lungenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo ngokuphambuka okuningi nezandiso. Uhambo luzokuyisa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, amadolobhana amahle, kanye nezwe elihle. Ngezansi izizathu eziyinhloko eziyi-10 zokuhamba i-Annapurna Base Camp (ABC).
1. Annapurna Massif: I-ABC Trek ikusondeza kuyo Annapurna Massif, ehlanganisa iziqongo ezingu-30, kuhlanganise nentaba ye-10 ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni, i-Annapurna I (8091 m). Ezinye iziqongo ezisele zihlanganisa iziqongo eziyi-13 ezingaphezu kuka-7000 m no-16, ngaphezu kwalokho 6000 m. I-massif ingamakhilomitha angama-55 ubude futhi iboshwe uMfula iMarsayangdi enyakatho nasempumalanga, iPokhara Valley eningizimu, kanye neKali Gandaki Gorge ngasentshonalanga. Engxenyeni esentshonalanga, i-massif ivale umcengezi ophakeme obizwa ngokuthi i-Annapurna Sanctuary. Ukuqwala i-Annapurna Massif, ikakhulukazi i-Annapurna I, ikalwe njengokuyinselelo enkulu emhlabeni futhi kuyingozi kakhulu kodwa ukuncoma lesi sixuku esikhulu akudingekile ukuba kube yingozi. I-ABC Trek ikusondeza eduze ukuze ubuke uhla lwe-Annapurna.
Kulo lonke lolu hambo, uzothola amazwibela amaningana alezi ziqongo. Ukusuka e-Pokhara, iziqongo zezintaba ezivelele njengeMachhapuchhre (6993m) nezinye izingqimba ze-Annapurna Himal ziyabonakala. I-Poonhill 3210m, ukuchezuka kwe-ABC Trek, ingenye yezindawo ezidumile zesifunda, ezikuvumela ukuthi ubone iziqongo zeqhwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwelanga. Enkanjini yesisekelo ngokwayo, uzojabulela umbono we-360 degree ku-Annapurna Massif emangalisayo, okuhlanganisa i-Annapurna I (8091m), i-Annapurna III (7555M), i-Gangapurna (7454m), i-Annapurna South (7219m), i-Machhapuchhre (6993m), i-Singu1 Chumli (6) 4 ne-Hiun0chum 4 (6) 4 ne-Hiun0chum (6).
2. Indawo Enhle: Umzila we-ABC udlula ezindaweni ezimangalisayo nezinokuthula. Isikhathi esihle sokwenza lokhu kusentwasahlobo lapho ama-rhododendron eseqhakaza ngokugcwele. Imizila imbozwa ulwandle lwezimbali ezibomvu nezibomvana kanye nangemuva kweziqongo ezimbozwe yiqhwa.
Ngokufanayo, amasimu aluhlaza, izindlu zikanokusho zodaka, nemigqa yezihlahla ezibomvana nezibomvu ezikleliswe ezindleleni kwenza idili lamehlo. Umzila uzokuyisa ngaphansi kwe-bamboo understory. Ngokufanayo, kunezimpophoma neziphethu ezihlanzekile endleleni yonke, futhi uzowela imifudlana nemifula eminingi ngamabhuloho enziwe ngokhuni.
Abantu abahlala ngaseSinwa, eDovan, nasezintabeni ze-Himalaya basebenzisa uqalo njengendawo yokukhosela izilwane zabo, uphahla nokwenza imisebenzi yezandla. Ungakwazi futhi ukuthenga imisebenzi yezandla lapha. Nakuba izikhathi ezingcono kakhulu zohambo lwe-ABC kuyikwindla (September – November) kanye nentwasahlobo (March-May), kukhona okumele kuzuzwe kwezinye izinkathi zonyaka. Isibonelo, ehlobo noma emvula (Juni - Aug), imizila igcwele ama-orchid asendle, isibusiso kusazi sezitshalo esishisekayo. Ungafakaza nama-raptor angu-500, ikakhulukazi izinkozi ezifudukela entshonalanga usuku ngalunye kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuya kuNovemba.
3. Jabulela Isipiliyoni Se-Teahouse: I-ABC trekking trail iqhutshwa yizindawo zetiye zendabuko, ezihlinzeka ngokudla nendawo yokuhlala kubahambi ngenkokhelo. Ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo sokuhlela amatende nokuthwala imithwalo yokudla. Ezikhathini zangaphambili, la makhaya ayehlinzeka ngetiye nokudla emaqenjini ohambo ngaphambi kokuba abe izikhungo zezohwebo. Ngakho-ke, igama elithi teahouse lanikezwa futhi lisamile kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.
Izindlu zetiye hlinzeka ngombhede ofudumele nokudla, ngisho namabhikawozi endawo anikeza izinhlobonhlobo zamaphaya, amakhekhe, nama-brownies. Izindlu zetiye ngokuvamile zinamakamelo anemibhede engamawele; abanye banikela ngezindlu zangasese ezinamathiselwe ngenkathi ezinye izindlu zangasese zomphakathi zihlinzekwa. Ungajabulela ukungenisa izihambi okufudumele kwezakhamuzi zendawo lapha, uxhumane nabanikazi bendawo, futhi ubone indlela ukudla okulungiselelwa ngayo ezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Ngokunjalo, kukhona nezindawo ezinkulu zomphakathi lapho ungaxhumana khona nabanye abahamba ngezinyawo abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba.
4. Izinketho eziningi zokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo isikhathi sohambo noma ukuthatha imijikelezo nezandiso: Uhambo lwe-ABC lukuvumela ukuthi wenze ngendlela oyifisayo isikhathi sakho sohambo, ulwenze lube lufushane noma lube lude ngokuvumelana nesikhathi sakho. Uhambo olufushane kakhulu lwe-ABC luthatha izinsuku ezinhlanu ukuluqeda ngokushayela usuka e-Pokhara uye e-Siwai bese uya e-Chhomrong - e-Himalaya - ABC futhi ubuyela e-Pokhara, kanti uhambo olude kakhulu luncike ekuphambukeni nasezandisweni ozenzayo.
Uma unohlelo lohambo oluguquguqukayo, ungajabulela ukuphambuka nohambo oluseceleni. Ukufakwa kweGhorepani-Poon Hill noma iGhandruk kufanelekile ukuphambuka. Ngokunjalo, ezinye izandiso zohambo lwe-ABC zifaka i-Annapurna Circuit Trek, i-Mardi Himal, noma i-Khopra Danda trek, noma ukuzizwa unamandla kakhulu kunohambo olusha. Uhambo oluphezulu lwe-Mustang.
Ukusuka e-Poon Hill, e-Annapurna South, e-Machhapuchhre, e-Hinchuli, e-Annapurna III, e-Dhampus, nase-Dhaulagiri II ingajatshulelwa, kuyilapho i-Ghandruk iyindawo ye-Gurung evakashelwa izivakashi. Lawa uhambo lwendawo okuyiwa kuyo ngokwalo. Zonke lezi zindlela ziqondana e-Chhomrong futhi ziholela ekamu eliyisisekelo.
I-Annapurna Circuit Trek ithatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-17 ukuqeda ngayinye. I-ABC Trek kanye I-Annapurna Circuit Trek iphinde ihambisane neChhomrong. I-Mardi Himal kanye ne-Khopra Danda Trek yimizila eyaziwa kancane kunohambo lwe-ABC, kodwa izindlela ezingahluliwe zinikeza ulwazi olujwayelekile lokuhamba ngezinyawo lwase-Nepal. Ngamunye uhambo lwaseMardi luthatha izinsuku ezinhlanu ukuluqeda, kanti iKhopra Danda Trek ithatha cishe izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. I I-Mardi Himal Trek kuhambisana I-ABC Trek eLandruk, kuyilapho u-Khopra Danda ehamba nge-ABC Trek e-Tadapani. I I-Upper Mustang Trek, nokho, ikuyisa ezweni elingaqondakali lombuso wakudala wamaBuddha wase-Mustang, obizwa nangokuthi i-Lo, futhi udlula kwesinye sezindawo ezome kakhulu zaseNepal futhi kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-15 ukuqeda ngakunye. Ihambisana ne-ABC Trek ku-Ghorepani.
5. Hamba ngephrojekthi ye-Annapurna Conservation Area: Ukusabalala ngaphezu kwe-7629 sq. km; indawo yokongiwa kwemvelo iyikhaya lezinhlobo eziningana zezitshalo nezilwane ezisengozini yokushabalala. Kuyikhaya lezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingu-1 352, izinhlobo ezingu-128 zezilwane ezincelisayo zasendle, izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingu-518, izinhlobo ezingu-40 zezilwane ezihuquzelayo, ezingu-23 zezilwane ezihlala emanzini nasezweni, nezinhlobo ezingu-348 zezimvemvane.
Lesi sifunda siyikhaya lezilwane ezisengcupheni yokushabalala emhlabeni jikelele njenge-Chinese Pangolin, i-Endangered Himalayan Musk Deer, i-Tibetan Antelope, ne-Red Panda kanye nezinhlobo ezisengozini njenge-Himalayan Black Bear, i-Clouded Leopard, phakathi kwezinye. I-Conservation Area yasungulwa ngo-1986, futhi kwaba kuphela ngo-1996 lapho i-ACAP yanwetshwa khona enyakatho ukuze ihlanganise ne-ABC.
Indawo Yokulondolozwa Kwemvelo iphinde ivikele izigodi zomdabu zaseGurung naseMagar. Lezi zisebenza njengamamnyuziyamu aphilayo amasiko namasiko abo. I-Conservation Area ilandela uHlelo Oludidiyelwe Lokulondolozwa Nentuthuko olubambe iqhaza, okuyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sokongiwa kwemvelo okusekelwe emphakathini eNepal nasemhlabeni. Lapha ezokuvakasha kanye nokuphathwa kwemvelo kulawulwa yi- Iphrojekthi ye-Annapurna Conservation Area okwenziwa yiNational Trust for Nature Conservation, phambilini eyayaziwa ngeKing Mahendra Trust for Nature Conservation.
6. Vakashela i-Annapurna Sanctuary: I-ABC Trek iphinde ivumele uhambo oluya e-Annapurna Sanctuary, umgodi weqhwa ongcwele. Ithafa elimise okweqanda lihlala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-4000 futhi lizungezwe i-Annapurna South, i-Annapurna I, nezinye iziqongo. Ngenxa yokuthi izungezwe izintaba eziphakeme nhlangothi zonke, iNdawo Engcwele ithola amahora angu-7 kuphela okukhanya kwelanga ngosuku ekuphakameni kwehlobo. Imithambeka ebheke enyakatho yeSanctuary inesimo sezulu esomile, esibandayo esifana neseThafa laseTibet eliseduze. Ngokuphambene, amathambeka eSanctuary abheke eningizimu ambozwe amahlathi aminyene ashisayo e-rhododendron noqalo.
Ukuphuma nokushona kwelanga ikakhulukazi kubukeka kuwumlingo eNdaweni Engcwele. I-Milky Way kanye neminye imilaza nayo ingabukwa ngokucace kakhulu kusukela lapha. ISanctuary kukholakala ukuthi iyikhaya labonkulunkulu abaningana, abavela eHinduism naseBuddhism nakonkulunkulu abadala be-animist. Abantu bendawo bakholelwa ukuthi onkulunkulu bahlala ngaphansi kwezintaba, futhi ukubulala noma yiziphi izilwane eziphilayo ezizungezile le ndawo akuvunyelwe. Babekholelwa nokuthi kwakuyinqolobane yegolide nengcebo ehlukahlukene eyashiywa amaNaga, onkulunkulu bezinyoka.
7. Ulwazi lwamasiko: Emizileni ye-ABC Trek, uzohlangana nengxube yezinhlanga, ngakho izinhlanga ezahlukene zizokwamukela njengoba ukhuphuka. I-Gurung, i-Magar, i-Thakali, i-Manangi, i-Brahmin, i-Chhetri, ne-Newar ihlala kule ndawo. Izindawo eziphakeme eziphansi zihlanganisa amaBrahman namaChhetri, kanti izindawo eziphakemeyo zihlanganisa abantu baseMongoloid Himalaya. Laba iningi labo nguGurung noMagar, abaphinde bakhonze amaBattalion aseGorkha. Ukuma kula madolobhana kuzonikeza isikhathi esiningi sokuxhumana nabo futhi bajwayelane namasiko abo.
Ungathola futhi imininingwane ngesitayela sabo sokuphila, ukudla, nezingubo. Esikhathini esedlule kuze kube sekuqaleni kwawo-80s, abantu abaningi bafudukela ezindaweni eziphansi ukuze bahlaliswe kabusha ngenxa yokwehla kohwebo kanye nokuwohloka komkhiqizo wezolimo. Nokho-ke ngenxa yokwanda kwezokuvakasha, imindeni eminingi isibuyile ukuzotshala imali emabhizinisini ahlobene.
I-Ghandruk ingelinye lamadolobhana anjalo eduze nomzila. Izindlu ezifulelwe nge-slate eduze kwenkundla ye-paddy zenza idolobhana lonke libukeke kahle. Lapha ungakwazi futhi ukugqoka imvunulo yendabuko ye-Gurung. Yindawo ekahle yokuphumula futhi uvuselele uhambo oluzayo. Ngokunjalo, eChhomrong, yonke indawo iphethwe yiMother's Group, ehlanganisa ukugcina umuzi uhlanzekile futhi iqoqe imali yokugcina umkhondo. Baphinde bahlele izinhlelo zamasiko zabavakashi.
8. Ukufinyeleleka Okulula kanye nezindleko ezizwakalayo eziqongweni eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni: Uhambo lwe-ABC lufinyeleleka kalula ukusuka e-Pokhara. Ukuze ufike e-Pokhara, ungathatha ibhasi lamahora angu-6 noma indiza yemizuzu engu-25 usuka eKathmandu. Ngokuvamile, ukusuka e-Pokhara, ungathatha ihora elingu-1.5 ukuya e-Nayapul futhi uhambe uye e-Ulleri futhi uqhubeke nohambo lwakho ngakusasa. Noma ungathatha uhambo lwamahora angu-2 ukusuka e-Pokhara ukuya e-Ghandruk futhi uqale ukuhamba ngezinyawo ngakusasa. Kunezimoto zasendaweni ezifika eNayapul noma eGhandruk, ukuze ukwazi ukonga imadlana.
Ngokunjalo, abahambi abanolwazi olumaphakathi lokuqwala izintaba bangenza lolu hambo kalula. Umzila unakekelwa kahle futhi umakwe kahle. Izingane ezineminyaka eyishumi ubudala seziluqedile lolu hambo. Ngakho, ungakwazi futhi ukuhlela uhambo oluhle lomndeni.
I-Base Camp imi ku-4130m, kanye ne-Pokhara, isango lokuhamba eliya e- Isifunda sase-Annapurna, itholakala ku-1400 m. Ngakho-ke ukugula kwe-altitude akunakukhishwa ngaphandle, kodwa ukuthuthwa kwendiza enophephela emhlane kuyatholakala. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo udlula e-Ghorepani kuvumela umzimba wakho ukuthi ujwayele izindawo eziphakeme. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi uhlela uhambo, kuhle ukuqonda isidingo somzimba wakho sokuzivumelanisa nendawo entsha uma okuhlangenwe nakho kohambo olusheshayo kuyilokho obukuhlelayo.
Ngaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho okujabulisayo okunikezwa uhambo, izindleko zincane uma kuqhathaniswa nanoma yiluphi olunye uhambo oluya ezintabeni emhlabeni jikelele. Izingosi zokuvakasha eziningi nazo ziyatholakala ukuze zikusize uhlele futhi wenze amalungiselelo. Izindleko zincike enanini lezinsuku ezinikezelwe ohambweni kanye nenkathi yokuhamba ngezinyawo. Imvamisa, u-Okthoba kuya kuNovemba noma uMashi - u-Ephreli yizinkathi zokuhamba futhi zimatasa futhi zibiza kakhulu. Ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo, ukushaja izinto zakho zikagesi, nokusebenzisa i-wifi kuzoletha izindleko ezengeziwe. Isici sezindleko sihlanganisa nemvume yokuzama ye-ACAP (cishe u-$30) kanye nemvume ye-TIMS (cishe ama-$10). E-Kathmandu, izimvume namakhadi e-TIMS angathengwa e-Nepal Tourism Board Office e-Pradarshani Marg. E-Pokhara, izimvume zingathengwa e-Nepal Tourism Board Service Centre e-Damside, futhi amakhadi e-TIMS angathengwa ehhovisi le-TAAN Lakeside e-Santi Patan.
9. Izici zebhonasi: Akuvamile ukuthi kube namakamu amabili ayisisekelo ambozwe uhambo olulodwa kodwa i-ABC Trek inikeza ukumbozwa kwamakamu amabili ayisisekelo - i-Annapurna ne-Machhapuchhre. Kusukela kulawa makamu ayisisekelo, uthola ukubuka okuseduze kwengqungquthela yalezi ziqongo nezinguzunga zeqhwa. Kuyinto engavamile ukubuka lezi zintaba ezimbili eduze phakathi nesikhathi esifushane sohambo.
I-Machhapuchhre itholakala endaweni eseningizimu kububanzi, futhi ngenxa yendawo ephansi kakhulu, iyala ukukhululeka okukhulu okuma mpo ebangeni elifushane elivundlile. Ihlukaniseka ikakhulukazi ngenxa yeziqongo ezingamawele, isici ngenxa yalokho yaziwa nangokuthi i-Fish Tail Mountain.
I-Machhapuchhre ihlonishwa abantu bendawo njengengcwele kakhulu eNkosini Shiva futhi ivinjelwe ukukhuphuka, kodwa inganconywa kulo lonke lolu hambo. Okuwukuphela komzamo oqinisekisiwe wenziwa ithimba laseBrithani elaliholwa uLieutenant Colonel Jimmy Roberts ngo-1957. Ukukhuphuka kwawela kumamitha angu-150 engqungqutheleni kuhambisana nezwi lokuhlonipha elinikezwe iNkosi uMahendra. Abaqwali uWilfrid Noyce kanye no-ADM Cox bakhuphukele phezulu endaweni esenyakatho. Azikho izimvume zokuqwala intaba ezike zakhishwa ngemuva kwalokho.
Futhi, lapho usuzofika ekupheleni kohambo (noma ekuqaleni kohambo, kuye ngomzila owuthathayo), uzophathwa nge intwasahlobo eshisayo yemvelo osebeni lwe-Modi Khola ngezansi nje kwe-Jhinu Danda. Ngemva kokungena endlini yakho yetiye, gibela phansi imizuzu engu-30 udlula ehlathini eliluhlaza uze ufike eziphethwini ezishisayo. Kukholakala ukuthi inamandla okuphulukisa futhi isusa izinhlungu nezinhlungu zomzimba. Ukucwilisa umzimba womuntu entwasahlobo yemvelo kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi kuzoqeda ukukhathala nobuhlungu bokuhamba ngezinyawo.
Kodwa-ke, indawo ivalwa ngesikhathi sezimvula kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi, futhi ukucwiliswa okuncane akuvunyelwe. Ngokuya ngesikhathi sonyaka kanye nezinga lamanzi, kungenzeka futhi ukucwilisa emanzini aneqhwa omfula. Uma ubuyela echibini elishisayo, uzozwa ukushisa okujabulisayo. Kodwa izinyathelo zokuphepha kufanele zilandelwe. Umhlahlandlela uzokwazisa uma umthamo womfula unamandla kakhulu noma uma izinga lamanzi liphezulu kakhulu. Ngemva kokucwiliswa emanzini ashisayo ihora elihle elilandelwa ukugeza okusheshayo, buyela emuva ukuze uthole isidlo sakusihlwa, nokulala ebusuku e-teahouse. Uzokhululeka kakhulu ekugcineni kangangokuthi ngeke ube nandaba nomqansa wemizuzu engu-45 ubuyela endlini yetiye.
10. I-Pokhara: Pokhara iyisisekelo se-ABC Trek, futhi ifakwe ohlwini njengesizathu ngoba i-Pokhara imane iyidolobha elihle elinamagquma. I-Pokhara inezinsiza eziningi zokukugcina ujabulile. Ukujabulela nje indawo ezungeze i-Pokhara kuyinto enhle kakhulu. IPokhara ibizwa ngedolobha lamachibi, futhi alikho elidume njengePhewa Lake, lapho ungagwedla khona futhi ujabulele ukubonakaliswa kweNtaba iMachhapuchhre nezinye iziqongo zezintaba ze-Annapurna kanye Izinhlobo ze-Dhaulagiri. Ungakwazi futhi ukuhlela ukuhamba ngezinyawo okufushane ngenkathi use-Pokhara. Ungathatha uhambo oluhle losuku oluya e-Sarangkot, futhi ngenkathi ukuyo, ungaphinda ujabulele i-paragliding noma i-parahawking. Ngenxa yokubukwa okumangalisayo kwentaba nechibi kanye nezimo ezinzile, i-Pokhara yaziwa njengendawo ehamba phambili ye-paragliding emhlabeni. Ungakwazi futhi ukuvakashela i-Davis fall, i-Gupteswor Gupha, i-International Mountain Museum, i-Peace Stupa, phakathi kwabanye.
I-Pokhara futhi inokukhethwa okuhle kokudla nokuphila kwasebusuku okujabulisayo. Ngaphezu kwe I-Nepalese cuisine, okunye ukudla okuhlukahlukene okunjenge-Vietnamese, Italian, Indian, Spanish, Mexican, Japanese, Chinese, and Korean kungajatshulelwa lapha. Idolobhakazi futhi linezindawo zokungcebeleka ezisezingeni eliphezulu, izitudiyo ze-yoga nokuzindla, namachibi okubhukuda. Ukuhlola i-Pokhara ngemva kohambo lwakho kungase kube indlela ephelele yokuqeda iholide lakho elihle.
Isiphetho
Uhambo lwe-Annapurna Base Camp alufani nanoma yimuphi omunye uhambo lokuhamba ngezinyawo. Sekukaningi kufakwe ohlwini lokuhamba ngezinyawo eziyishumi ezihamba phambili emhlabeni manje kaningi. Ubuhle, isiko, nezintaba kuyokwenza kube yinto yokuphila konke. Uhambo oluzolile oluya emvelweni ene-rhododendron eqhakaza endleleni kanye nokubukwa okuzayo kwe-Annapurna Massif kuyithuba elihle kakhulu ongaliphuthelwa.
