Isingeniso se-Mount Everest kanye Nezimpumelelo zika-Kami Rita Sherpa
I-Mount Everest, eyaziwa endaweni ngokuthi i-Sagarmatha e-Nepal kanye ne-Chomolungma e-Tibet, iphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni ngamamitha angu-8,848 (29,029 amafidi) ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Kubantu abaningi abazamayo nabaqwali izintaba, ukukhuphuka kwe-Everest kuyimpumelelo enkulu, ehlanganisa kokubili inselele engokomzimba nengokwengqondo evivinya imikhawulo yokukhuthazela komuntu. Phakathi kweqembu elicokeme labaqwali abafinyelele lesi siqongo esesabekayo, u-Kami Rita Sherpa ugqame ngokukhuphuka kwerekhodi kwakhe okungu-30 okuyimpumelelo kusukela ngoMeyi 2024. Wazalwa ngo-January 2, 1970, esigodini sase-Thame, e-Solukhumbu, e-Nepal, imisebenzi engenakuqhathaniswa ka-Kami Rita ekukhuphukeni kwezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu.
U-Kami Rita Sherpa: Umqwali Oyinganekwane
UKami Rita Sherpa waqala umsebenzi wakhe wokukhuphuka izintaba ngo-1992, ekuqaleni esebenza njengelungu labasebenzi abasekelayo ohambweni lwe -Everest. Eminyakeni edlule, uthando lwakhe lokukhuphuka izintaba lwakhula, futhi wathuthukisa amakhono akhe ukuze abe ngumqondisi oholayo ophakeme nezinhlangano ezidumile njenge-Seven Summit Treks kanye ne-14 Peaks Expedition. Uhambo lwakhe lokuya esicongweni somhlaba aluzange lube nje kuphela ngempumelelo yomuntu siqu kodwa futhi nokuqondisa nokuphefumulela abanye abaningi. Ngaphezu kokukhuphuka kwakhe okuningi kweNtaba i-Everest, uKami Rita uphinde wafinyelela kwezinye iziqongo eziyinselele njenge-K2, i-Cho Oyu, i-Lhotse, ne -Manaslu , ekhombisa ukuguquguquka kwakhe kanye nolwazi lwakhe ekukhuphukeni izintaba ezindaweni eziphakeme.
I-Everest Summit
Umlando Nokubaluleka
Ukukhuphuka kokuqala okuyimpumelelo kweMount Everest kwafinyelelwa nguSir Edmund Hillary waseNew Zealand kanye NoTenzing Norgay Sherpa waseNepal ngoMeyi 29, 1953. Lesi senzakalo esiyingqopha-mlando saphawula ingqopha-mlando ebalulekile emlandweni wokuhlola futhi savula umnyango wohambo oluzayo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izinkulungwane zabaqwali abavela emhlabeni wonke ziye zazama ukufinyelela esiqongweni, ngamazinga ahlukahlukene empumelelo nokwehluleka. Ukuheha kokuma phezu komhlaba kuyaqhubeka nokuheha abaqwali naphezu kwezingozi nezinselelo ezikhona.
Umzila Wokukhuphuka
Ukukhuphuka kweNtaba i-Everest kuvame ukubandakanya imizila emibili emikhulu: iSoutheast Ridge esuka eNepal kanye neNortheast Ridge esuka eTibet. I-Southeast Ridge iyindlela ethandwa kakhulu futhi efinyeleleka kalula, kusukela e-Everest Base Camp (EBC) eNepal. Uhambo oluya engqungqutheleni lubandakanya izigaba ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:
- I-Base Camp (5,364 amamitha): Abagibeli bayajwayela futhi balungiselele ukukhuphuka.
- Khumbu Icefall: Ingxenye eyingozi yokuhamba kwamabhulokhi eqhwa nezimfantu.
- Ikamu I (6,065 amamitha): Itholakala eWestern Cwm, isigodi esinoqhwa.
- Ikamu II (amamitha ayi-6,400): Itholakala ngaphansi kobuso be-Lhotse.
- I-Camp III (7,470 amamitha): Uphakathi noBuso baseLhotse.
- Ikamu IV (7,920 amamitha): Ibekwe eSouth Col, ikamu lokugcina ngaphambi kokududulana kwengqungquthela.
- Ingqungquthela (amamitha ayi-8,848): Umgomo omkhulu, ofinyelelwe ngemva kokuzulazula ku-Hillary Step kanye ne-South Summit.
I-Everest Base Camp Trek
Okubalulekile
I- Everest Base Camp Trek ingenye yezindlela zokuhamba ngezinyawo ezidumile kakhulu eHimalayas, inikeza abagibeli ithuba lokuzwa ubuhle obuhle besifunda ngaphandle kokuzama ukukhuphuka okuyingozi baye esicongweni. Lolu hambo luthatha abagibeli bezokuvakasha ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kusukela emahlathini aluhlaza kuya ezindaweni eziphakeme ezomile, futhi lunikeza imibono emihle yezinye zeziqongo eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni.
Umzila Wokuhamba
I-Everest Base Camp Trek yakudala ivamise ukuqala ngendiza esuka e-Kathmandu eya e-Lukla, idolobhana elisezintabeni elinomzila wezindiza owaziwayo omfushane noyinselele. Ukusuka e-Lukla, abahambi baqala uhambo lwezinsuku eziningi oluhlanganisa izigaba ezibalulekile ezilandelayo:
- Lukla to Phakding (2,610 amamitha): Ukuqala uhambo oluthambile, kuthatha cishe amahora angama-3-4.
- Phakding to Namche Bazaar (3,440 m): Umqansa odlula emahlathini kaphayini futhi eduze komfula i-Dudh Koshi, kuthatha cishe amahora angu-6-7.
- I-Acclimatization e-Namche Bazaar: Usuku lokuphumula lokuzivumelanisa nokuphakama, nokuqwala izintaba ongakhetha kuzo ukuya ezindaweni zokubuka eziseduze.
- I-Namche Bazaar ukuya eTengboche (3,860 amamitha): Uhambo oluhle olunokubukwa kwe-Everest ne-Ama Dablam, oluthatha cishe amahora angu-5-6.
- I-Tengboche ukuya e-Dingboche (4,410 amamitha): Ukudlula emahlathini e-rhododendron nokuwela amabhuloho amisiwe, kuthatha cishe amahora angu-5-6.
- Ukujwayela e-Dingboche: Olunye usuku lokuphumula olunezinketho zokwenyuka kokuqina.
- EDingboche ukuya eLobuche (4,940 amamitha): Usuku oluyinselelo oludlula izikhumbuzo zabaqwali abashona e-Everest, bathatha cishe amahora angu-5-6.
- Lobuche ukuya eGorak Shep (5,164 amamitha) kanye ne-Everest Base Camp (amamitha angu-5,364): Ukuphusha kokugcina ku-EBC, kuthatha cishe amahora angu-7-8 ukuya nokubuya.
Intuthuko Yakamuva Nezinselele
Ukushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu kanye Nomphumela Wemvelo
INtaba i-Everest kanye nesifunda esizungezile zibhekene nezinselele ezinkulu zemvelo ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ukuncibilika kweqhwa, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kanye nokwenyuka kwamazinga okushisa kwenze izimo zokukhuphuka zingalindeleki futhi zibe yingozi. I-Khumbu Icefall, ikakhulukazi, isibe yinto engazinzile, okwandisa ingozi yabakhuphukayo.
Ezokuvakasha Nokusimama
Ukuduma kwakho kokubili kwemizamo yengqungquthela ye-Everest kanye nohambo lwe-Base Camp kuye kwaholela ekukhathazekeni mayelana nokuminyana nokusimama. Ngezikhathi zonyaka ezikhuphuka kakhulu, imizila ingaminyana, okuholela esiminyaminyeni sezimoto esiyingozi, ikakhulukazi “endaweni yokufa” engaphezu kwamamitha ayi-8,000. Imizamo iyenziwa yokulawula inani lezimvume ezikhishiwe kanye nokukhuthaza izinqubo zohambo olunesibopho ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela kwezemvelo.
Intuthuko Nokuphepha Kwezobuchwepheshe
Ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe egiyeni nokuxhumana kuye kwathuthukisa ukuphepha kwabaqwali nezintaba. Izimpahla ezingasindi, ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nemishini kusiza abaqwali ukuthi babhekane nezimo ezimbi kakhulu. Amafoni wesathelayithi namadivayisi e-GPS aqinisekisa ukuxhumana nokulandelela okungcono, okuthuthukisa imisebenzi yokuhlenga ezimeni eziphuthumayo.
Isiphetho
Izimpumelelo zika-Kami Rita Sherpa zigcizelela umoya womuntu ohlala njalo kanye nokuphishekela okuhle kakhulu ekuqwaleni izintaba endaweni ephakeme. Izintaba zakhe eziqopha umlando ezingu-30 ze-Mount Everest azigqamisi nje kuphela ukuzinikela nekhono lakhe kodwa futhi nesiko elicebile labaqwali bezintaba i-Sherpa abebewumgogodla wohambo lwase-Himalaya amashumi eminyaka. Njengoba sigubha lokhu okuzuziwe, kubalulekile futhi ukubhekana nezinselelo zemvelo nokusimama ezibhekene nesifunda ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi izizukulwane ezizayo zingaqhubeka nokubona ubuhle obumangalisayo be-Mount Everest kanye ne-Himalayas.
