Mukufuna chiyani mukamayenda? Kodi ndi zosangalatsa zomwe mumakhala nazo pa moyo wanu wonse, kodi ndi kulumikizana kwapafupi ndi chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe, kapena mawonekedwe okongola? Mwina zonse ndi zoona, koma kuyenda ku Nepal ndi kovuta, ndipo musadandaule nthawi ndi ndalama zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito. Ngati mantha awa akukulepheretsani kukhala ndi ulendo wosangalatsa m'moyo wanu, mwafika pamalo oyenera.
Ulendo wa Annapurna Base Camp (ABC) ndi womwe mukufuna paulendo wanu wotsatira. Ulendo woyambira ku Pokhara ukhoza kusinthidwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana komanso zowonjezera. Ulendowu udzakutengerani m'malo osiyanasiyana, midzi yokongola, komanso malo okongola. Nazi zifukwa 10 zazikulu zoyendera Annapurna Base Camp (ABC).
1. Annapurna Massif: ABC Trek imakufikitsani pafupi ndi Annapurna Massif , yokhala ndi mapiri 30, kuphatikizapo phiri la 10 lalitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, Annapurna I (8091 m). Mapiri ena onsewa akuphatikizapo mapiri 13 okhala ndi mapiri okwana 7000 m ndi 16, komanso mapiri 6000 m. Phirili ndi lalitali makilomita 55 ndipo lili ndi mtsinje wa Marsayangdi kumpoto ndi kum'mawa, Pokhara Valley kum'mwera, ndi Kali Gandaki Gorge kumadzulo. Kumapeto kwa phirili, phirili lili ndi chigwa chachitali chotchedwa Annapurna Sanctuary. Kukwera Annapurna Massif, makamaka Annapurna I, kumaonedwa kuti ndi kovuta kwambiri komanso koopsa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi koma kusangalala ndi phiri lalikululi sikuyenera kukhala koopsa. ABC Trek imakutengerani pafupi kuti muone mapiri a Annapurna.
Paulendo wonse, mudzawona mapiri angapo awa. Kuchokera ku Pokhara, mapiri otchuka monga Machhapuchhre (6993m) ndi mapiri ena a Annapurna Himal akuwoneka. Poonhill 3210m , malo olowera ku ABC Trek, ndi amodzi mwa malo otchuka kwambiri m'chigawochi, omwe amakulolani kuwona mapiri a chipale chofewa, makamaka dzuwa likatuluka. Mu msasa wokhazikika, mudzasangalala ndi mawonekedwe a madigiri 360 pa Annapurna Massif yodabwitsa, kuphatikizapo Annapurna I (8091m), Annapurna III (7555M), Gangapurna (7454m), Annapurna South (7219m), Machhapuchhre (6993m), Singu Chuli (6501m) ndi Hiunchuli (6441m).
2. Malo Okongola: Njira ya ABC imadutsa m'malo okongola komanso odekha. Nthawi yabwino yowonera izi ndi nthawi ya masika pamene maluwa a rhododendrons amakhala atayamba kuphuka. Njira zake zimakhala ndi maluwa ofiira ndi apinki komanso kumbuyo kwa mapiri ophimbidwa ndi chipale chofewa.
Momwemonso, minda yobiriwira yobiriwira, nyumba zokongola zamatope, ndi mizere yamitengo yapinki ndi yofiira yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa misewuyo imapanga phwando la maso. Njirayi idzakutengerani kumunsi kwa nsungwi. Momwemonso, pali mathithi amadzi ndi akasupe onse m'njira, ndipo mutha kuwoloka mitsinje ndi mitsinje yambiri kudutsa milatho yamatabwa.
Anthu okhala m’madera ozungulira Sinwa, Dovan, ndi Himalaya amagwiritsa ntchito nsungwi monga pobisalirapo ziweto zawo, madenga, ndiponso kupanga ntchito zamanja. Mutha kugulanso ntchito zamanja pano. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zabwino kwambiri za ulendo wa ABC ndi autumn (Seputembala - Novembala) ndi masika (March-May), pali china chake chomwe chiyenera kukwaniritsidwa munyengo zina. Mwachitsanzo, m'nyengo yachilimwe kapena monsoon (Jun - Aug), misewuyi imakhala yodzaza ndi ma orchids akutchire, chithandizo kwa wodziwa zomera. Mukhozanso kuchitira umboni ma raptors 500, makamaka mphungu zimasamukira kumadzulo tsiku lililonse kuyambira kumapeto kwa October mpaka November.
3. Sangalalani ndi Malo Odyera Tiyi: Njira ya ABC yoyendera tiyi imayendetsedwa ndi malo ochitira tiyi achikhalidwe, omwe amapereka chakudya ndi malo ogona kwa oyenda panjira pamtengo wotsika. Chifukwa chake, palibe chifukwa chokonzera mahema ndi kunyamula chakudya chochuluka. Kale, nyumbazi zinkapereka tiyi ndi chakudya kwa magulu oyendera asanakhale malo ogulitsa. Chifukwa chake, dzina lakuti malo odyera tiyi linaperekedwa ndipo lakhala likugwira ntchito kuyambira pamenepo.
Malo ogulitsira tiyi amapereka malo ogona ofunda komanso chakudya, komanso amakhala ndi malo ogulitsira makeke am'deralo omwe amapereka ma pie osiyanasiyana, makeke, ndi ma brownies. Malo ogulitsira tiyi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zipinda zokhala ndi mabedi awiri; ena amapereka zimbudzi zolumikizidwa pomwe ena amapereka zimbudzi za anthu onse. Mutha kusangalala ndi kuchereza alendo kwa anthu am'deralo kuno, kucheza ndi eni ake am'deralo, ndikuwona momwe chakudya chimakonzedwera m'madera akumidzi. Komanso, palinso malo akuluakulu ogulitsira tiyi komwe mungalumikizane ndi anzanu ochokera padziko lonse lapansi.
4. Pali njira zambiri zosinthira nthawi yoyenda kapena njira zodutsira ndi zowonjezera : Ulendo wa ABC umakulolani kusintha nthawi yanu yoyenda, kuifupikitsa kapena kuitalikitsa malinga ndi nthawi yanu. Ulendo waufupi kwambiri wa ABC umatenga masiku asanu kuti umalizidwe ndi galimoto kuchokera ku Pokhara kupita ku Siwai kenako ulendo wopita ku Chhomrong - Himalaya - ABC ndikubwerera ku Pokhara, pomwe maulendo ataliatali kwambiri amadalira njira zodutsira ndi zowonjezera zomwe mumapanga.
Ngati muli ndi ulendo wosinthasintha, mutha kusangalala ndi maulendo ozungulira komanso maulendo ena. Kuphatikiza pa Ghorepani-Poon Hill kapena Ghandruk ndikofunikira kuti mudutse. Momwemonso, zina zowonjezera pa maulendo a ABC zikuphatikizapo Annapurna Circuit Trek, Mardi Himal, kapena Khopra Danda trek, kapena kumva ngati wosangalatsa kwambiri kuposa ulendo wa Upper Mustang.
Kuchokera ku Poon Hill, Annapurna South, Machhapuchhre, Hinchuli, Annapurna III, Dhampus, ndi Dhaulagiri II akhoza kusangalala, pomwe Ghandruk ndi mudzi wa Gurung. Awa ndi maulendo opita okha. Njira zonsezi zimagwirizana ku Chhomrong ndipo zimatsogolera kumsasa woyambira.
Ulendo wa Annapurna Circuit umatenga masiku pafupifupi 17 kuti umalizidwe payekhapayekha. Ulendo wa ABC Trek ndi Annapurna Circuit Trek umachitikiranso ku Chhomrong. Ulendo wa Mardi Himal ndi Khopra Danda ndi njira zodziwika bwino kuposa ulendo wa ABC, koma njira zomwe sizikuyenda bwino zimapereka mwayi woyenda ku Nepal. Ulendo wa Mardi umatenga masiku asanu kuti umalizidwe payekhapayekha, ndipo ulendo wa Khopra Danda umatenga masiku asanu ndi awiri. Ulendo wa Mardi Himal umagwirizana ndi ulendo wa ABC ku Landruk , pomwe ulendo wa Khopra Danda ndi ulendo wa ABC ku Tadapani. Komabe, Ulendo wa Upper Mustang umakutengerani kudziko lachinsinsi la ufumu wakale wa Chibuda wa Mustang, wotchedwanso Lo, ndipo umadutsa m'dera limodzi louma kwambiri ku Nepal ndipo umatenga masiku pafupifupi 15 kuti umalizidwe payekhapayekha. Umagwirizana ndi ulendo wa ABC ku Ghorepani.
5. Yendani mu Pulojekiti ya Malo Osungirako Zinthu ku Annapurna: Ili ndi malo okwana 7629 sq. km; malo osungiramo zinthu zakale ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi zinyama zomwe zili pangozi. Ili ndi mitundu 1,352 ya zomera, mitundu 128 ya zinyama zakuthengo, mitundu 518 ya mbalame, mitundu 40 ya zokwawa, mitundu 23 ya amphibians, ndi mitundu 348 ya agulugufe.
Derali lili ndi zamoyo zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha padziko lonse lapansi monga Chinese Pangolin, Endangered Himalayan Musk Deer, Tibetan Antelope, and Red Panda and Vulnerable Bear monga Himalayan Black Bear, Clouded Leopard, pakati pa ena. Conservation Area idakhazikitsidwa mu 1986, ndipo kudali mu 1996 pomwe ACAP idawonjezedwa kumpoto ndikuphatikiza ABC.
Malo Osungirako Zinthu Amatetezanso midzi ya anthu akumidzi ya Gurung ndi Magar. Izi ndi malo osungiramo zinthu zakale a chikhalidwe ndi miyambo yawo. Malo Osungirako Zinthu Amatsatira Pulogalamu Yogwirizana Yosungirako Zinthu ndi Chitukuko, yomwe ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha kusungirako zinthu m'madera ku Nepal ndi padziko lonse lapansi. Pano, zokopa alendo ndi kasamalidwe ka zachilengedwe zimayendetsedwa ndi Pulojekiti ya Annapurna Conservation Area yomwe idapangidwa ndi National Trust for Nature Conservation, yomwe kale inkadziwika kuti King Mahendra Trust for Nature Conservation.
6. Pitani ku Annapurna Sanctuary: Ulendo wa ABC Trek umalolanso ulendo wopita ku Annapurna Sanctuary, malo opatulika oundana. Malo otsetsereka ooneka ngati ozungulira ali pamtunda woposa mamita 4000 ndipo azunguliridwa ndi Annapurna South, Annapurna I, ndi mapiri ena. Chifukwa chozunguliridwa ndi mapiri ataliatali mbali zonse, Sanctuary imalandira kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa maola 7 patsiku pakati pa chilimwe. Malo otsetsereka akumpoto a Sanctuary ali ndi nyengo youma komanso yozizira yofanana ndi ya Tibetan Plateau yapafupi. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, malo otsetsereka akum'mwera a Sanctuary ali ndi nkhalango zowirira za rhododendron ndi nsungwi.
Kutuluka ndi kulowa kwa dzuwa makamaka kumawoneka zamatsenga kuchokera ku Malo Opatulika. Milky Way ndi magulu ena a nyenyezi atha kuwonedwanso momveka bwino kuchokera pano. Malo Opatulika akukhulupirira kuti ndi kwawo kwa milungu ingapo, kuchokera ku Hinduism ndi Buddhism ndi milungu yakale ya mizimu. Anthu a m’derali amakhulupirira kuti milungu imakhala pansi pa mapiri, ndipo kupha zamoyo zilizonse kuzungulira derali n’koletsedwa. Ankakhulupiriranso kuti ndi nkhokwe ya golide ndi chuma chamitundumitundu chomwe chinasiyidwa ndi Nagas, milungu ya njoka.
7. Zochitika pa chikhalidwe: Panjira za ABC Trek, mudzakumana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kotero mitundu yosiyanasiyana idzakulandirani pamene mukukwera. A Gurung, Magar, Thakali, Manangi, Brahmin, Chhetri, ndi Newar amakhala m'derali. Malo otsika amakhala ndi a Brahman ndi Chhetri, ndipo malo okwera amakhala ndi anthu a ku Himalaya a ku Mongoloid. Awa ambiri ndi a Gurung ndi Magar, omwe amatumikiranso a Gorkha Battalions. Kuyima m'midzi iyi kumakupatsani nthawi yokwanira yocheza nawo ndikuzolowera chikhalidwe chawo.
Mutha kudziwanso momwe amakhalira, chakudya, ndi madiresi. M'mbuyomu mpaka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 80, anthu ambiri adasamukira kumadera otsika kuti akakhazikitsidwe chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa malonda komanso kuwonongeka kwa zokolola. Komabe, chifukwa cha kukwera kwa ntchito zokopa alendo, mabanja ambiri abwereranso kukayika mabizinesi ogwirizana nawo.
Ghandruk ndi mudzi umodzi wotere womwe uli m'mphepete mwa msewu. Nyumba zofoleredwa ndi silati zomwe zili m'mbali mwa munda wa paddy zimapanga maonekedwe achilendo kwa mudzi wonse. Apa mutha kuvalanso zovala zachikhalidwe za Gurung. Ndi malo abwino kwambiri oti mupumule ndi kutsitsimuka paulendo wamtsogolo. Momwemonso, ku Chhomrong, dera lonselo limayendetsedwa ndi Gulu la Amayi, lomwe limasonkhanitsa kuti mudziwo ukhale waukhondo ndi kutolera ndalama zoyendetsera njira. Amapanganso ndondomeko za chikhalidwe cha anthu apaulendo.
8. Kufikira Mosavuta ndi Mtengo Woyenera Kufika Pamwamba Kwambiri Padziko Lonse: Ulendo wa ABC umapezeka mosavuta kuchokera ku Pokhara. Kuti mukafike ku Pokhara, mutha kukwera basi ya maola 6 kapena ndege ya mphindi 25 kuchokera ku Kathmandu. Nthawi zambiri, kuchokera ku Pokhara, mutha kukwera galimoto ya maola 1.5 kupita ku Nayapul ndikukwera ulendo wa Ulleri ndikupitilira ulendo wanu tsiku lotsatira. Kapena mutha kukwera galimoto ya maola awiri kuchokera ku Pokhara kupita ku Ghandruk ndikuyamba ulendo wa tsiku lotsatira. Pali magalimoto am'deralo oti mukafike ku Nayapul kapena Ghandruk, kotero mutha kusunga ndalama pang'ono.
Momwemonso, oyenda paulendo odziwa kukwera mtunda pang'ono amatha kuyenda ulendowu mosavuta. Njirayi imasamalidwa bwino komanso yodziwika bwino. Ana a zaka khumi amaliza ulendowu. Chifukwa chake, mutha kukonzekeranso ulendo wabwino wabanja.
Msasa wa Base uli pamtunda wa 4130m, ndipo Pokhara, chipata cholowera kudera la Annapurna , chili pamtunda wa 1400 m. Choncho sitingathe kukana matenda okwera phiri, koma kuchotsedwa kwadzidzidzi kwa helikopita kuliponso. Kuyenda kudutsa ku Ghorepani kumalola thupi lanu kuzolowera malo okwera phiri. Chifukwa chake, pokonzekera ulendowu, ndi bwino kumvetsetsa kufunika kwa thupi lanu kuti lizolowere malo atsopano ngati ulendo wofulumira ndi womwe mukukonzekera.
Ngakhale kuti ulendowu ndi wosangalatsa kwambiri, mtengo wake ndi wocheperapo kuposa ulendo wina uliwonse wopita kumapiri padziko lonse lapansi. Malo ambiri oyenda nawo alipo kuti akuthandizeni kukonza ndi kukonza. Mtengo wake umatengera kuchuluka kwa masiku omwe aperekedwa paulendowu komanso nyengo yoyenda. Nthawi zambiri, Okutobala mpaka Novembala kapena Marichi - Epulo ndi nyengo zapaulendo ndipo amakhala otanganidwa komanso okwera mtengo. Kusamba kotentha, kulipiritsa zida zanu zamagetsi, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito wifi kumabweretsa ndalama zina. Mtengowo ukuphatikizanso chilolezo choyesa cha ACAP (pafupifupi $30) ndi chilolezo cha TIMS (pafupifupi $10). Ku Kathmandu, zilolezo ndi makhadi a TIMS zitha kugulidwa ku Nepal Tourism Board Office ku Pradarshani Marg. Ku Pokhara, zilolezo zitha kugulidwa ku Nepal Tourism Board Service Center ku Damside, ndipo makadi a TIMS angagulidwe ku ofesi ya TAAN Lakeside ku Santi Patan.
9. Zinthu Zabwino Kwambiri: Nthawi zambiri pamakhala misasa iwiri yapansi panthaka yokhala ndi ulendo umodzi woyenda koma ABC Trek imapereka malo oimikapo misasa iwiri yapansi panthaka - Annapurna ndi Machhapuchhre. Kuchokera ku misasa iyi yapansi panthaka, mumawona bwino mapiri apafupi a mapiri ndi chisanu. Ndi zachilendo kuona mapiri awiriwa pafupi mkati mwa nthawi yochepa chonchi.
Machhapuchhre ili kumwera kwa mtunda, ndipo chifukwa cha malo otsika kwambiri, imayendetsa mpumulo woyima pamtunda waufupi wopingasa. Imazindikirika makamaka chifukwa cha nsonga ziwiri, zomwe zimatchedwanso Fish Tail Mountain.
Machhapuchhre amalemekezedwa ndi anthu am'deralo monga opatulika kwambiri kwa Lord Shiva ndipo alibe malire kukwera, koma amatha kuyamikiridwa paulendowu. Kuyesera kokha kotsimikizirika kunapangidwa ndi gulu la Britain lotsogoleredwa ndi Lieutenant Colonel Jimmy Roberts mu 1957. Kukwera kunagwa pafupi ndi mamita 150 a msonkhanowo kumamatira ku mawu a ulemu operekedwa kwa Mfumu Mahendra. Okwera Wilfrid Noyce ndi ADM Cox adakwera pamwamba pamphepete mwa kumpoto. Palibe zilolezo zokwerera kuphiri zomwe zidaperekedwa pambuyo pake.
Komanso, mukayandikira mapeto a ulendo (kapena kumayambiriro kwa ulendo, kutengera njira yomwe mwatenga), mudzalandira kasupe wachilengedwe wotentha m'mphepete mwa Modi Khola pansi pa Jhinu Danda. Mukalowa mu tiyi yanu, yendani pansi mozama kwa mphindi 30 kudutsa m'nkhalango yobiriwira mpaka mutafika ku akasupe otentha. Amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi mphamvu zochiritsa komanso amachotsa ululu wa thupi. Kumiza thupi lanu mu kasupe wachilengedwe kumatsimikizika kuti kumachepetsa kutopa ndi ululu wobwera chifukwa choyenda pansi.
Komabe, malowa amatsekedwa nthawi ya monsoon kuyambira Juni mpaka Julayi, ndipo kuviika kwakhungu sikuloledwa. Malingana ndi nthawi ya chaka komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi, n'zothekanso kuviika m'madzi oundana a mumtsinje. Mukabwerera ku dziwe lotentha, mudzamva kutentha kosangalatsa. Koma chitetezo chiyenera kutsatiridwa. Wotsogolera adzakudziwitsani ngati mtsinjewu ndi wamphamvu kwambiri kapena ngati madzi akukwera kwambiri. Mutatha kuthira pa akasupe otentha kwa ola labwino ndikutsatiridwa ndi kusamba mwamsanga, kubwereranso kukadya chakudya chamadzulo, ndi kugona usiku ku teahouse. Mudzakhala omasuka kwambiri kumapeto kotero kuti simusamala za kukwera kwa mphindi 45 kubwerera ku teahouse.
10. Pokhara: Pokhara ndiye maziko a ABC Trek, ndipo yalembedwa ngati chifukwa chifukwa Pokhara ndi tawuni yokongola kwambiri yamapiri. Pokhara ili ndi zinthu zambiri zoti zikusangalatseni. Kungosangalala ndi malo ozungulira Pokhara ndi chochitika chabwino kwambiri. Pokhara imatchedwa mzinda wa nyanja, ndipo palibe wotchuka kuposa Nyanja ya Phewa, komwe mungayende mozungulira ndikusangalala ndi chithunzi cha Mt. Machhapuchhre ndi mapiri ena a Annapurna ndi Dhaulagiri . Muthanso kukonzekera maulendo afupiafupi mukakhala ku Pokhara. Mutha kupita ku Sarangkot tsiku labwino, ndipo mukadali kumeneko, mutha kusangalalanso ndi paragliding kapena parahawking. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe okongola a mapiri ndi nyanja komanso mafunde okhazikika, Pokhara imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa malo abwino kwambiri oyendera paragliding padziko lonse lapansi. Muthanso kupita ku Davis fall, Gupteswor Gupha, International Mountain Museum, Peace Stupa, ndi zina.
Pokhara ilinso ndi zakudya zambiri komanso zosangalatsa za usiku. Kuwonjezera pa zakudya zaku Nepal , zakudya zina zosiyanasiyana monga Vietnamese, Italy, Indian, Spanish, Mexico, Japanese, Chinese, ndi Korea zitha kusangalatsidwa pano. Mzindawu ulinso ndi malo abwino kwambiri osambira, malo ochitira yoga ndi kusinkhasinkha, komanso maiwe osambira. Kuyendera Pokhara mukatha ulendo wanu kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yomaliza tchuthi chanu chabwino.
Kutsiliza
Ulendo wa Annapurna Base Camp ndi wosiyana ndi zochitika zina zapaulendo. Nthawi zambiri amalembedwa ngati maulendo khumi apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi mobwerezabwereza. Kukongola kwenikweni, chikhalidwe, ndi mapiri zidzapangitsa kukhala chochitika cha moyo wonse. Kuyenda mwabata mu chilengedwe ndi maluwa a rhododendron omwe akufalikira m'njira komanso mawonedwe omwe akubwera a Annapurna Massif ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri kuphonya.
