Introduction
ʻO Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve kahi wahi wai ma ka hikina hema o Nepal. ʻO Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve ka mea i manaʻo ʻia me nā mea olaola kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa iā ia nā pāpū kahawai a me nā mauʻu, he mea nui i ka mālama ʻana a me ke aʻo ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu.
Ua hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo Koshi Tappu ʻo ia ka pūnaewele Ramsar mua o Nepal, a ma ka pae honua, ua manaʻo ʻia ke kaiaola kaiaola. Kākoʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano mea kanu a me nā holoholona, e kōkua ana i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike kaiaola i loko o kahi ʻāina kahawai.
He home kēia mālama ʻia no nā ʻano manu he 480 a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manu, ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea he kakaikahi a neʻe. ʻO ke kahawai pāpū kahi wahi maikaʻi loa e nānā ai i nā holoholona hihiu, holo moku, a kiʻi i nā kiʻi o ke ʻano.
Ma waho aʻe o nā manu, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke ʻano ʻokoʻa me nā bufalo wai hihiu, dia, a me nā ʻotter. Hāʻawi ʻo Koshi Tappu i ka poʻe hoihoi kūlohelohe i kahi ʻike holoholona hihiu poina. Hōʻike ka mālama ʻāina i nā ʻāina i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia me kahi ʻano moʻomeheu kūʻokoʻa.
Kahi a me ka hiki
Aia ʻo Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve ma Nepal hikina, aia ma waena o nā kahawai nui o ka muliwai Koshi. Aia ia ma nā moku ʻo Sunsari a me Saptari. Hāʻawi ia i kahi noho maikaʻi no nā holoholona hihiu ma nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa Terai ma ka palena ʻo India.
No ka hōʻea ʻana i Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, hiki iā ʻoe ke lele mai Kathmandu a hiki i Biratnagar ma o ka mokulele a i ʻole ma ke alanui. Hiki i nā huakaʻi hele ke hoʻohana i nā kaʻa kaʻa lōʻihi e holo mai Kathmandu a i nā ʻāpana hikina o Nepal (e like me Dharan a me Biratnagar).
ʻO Biratnagar ke kūlanakauhale nui kokoke loa a me ke kikowaena kaʻa e loaʻa ai nā mākaʻikaʻi. A laila, hoʻohana lākou i nā lawelawe o nā kaʻa kaʻa kūloko a i ʻole nā kaʻa pilikino e hiki ai i Koshi Tappu, e holo ana ma ka ʻāina. He 1 a 2 mau hola e hele ai ma waena o Biratnagar a me ka waihona.
Ke hele mai nei i Dharan, no Koshi Tappu, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kahi kaʻa a i ʻole kahi jeep e hele ana i ka hikina hikina i ka moku ʻo Sunsari. ʻO nā mokulele, nā kaʻa kaʻa, a me nā jeep e hāʻawi i ka maʻalahi i kēia huakaʻi holoholona hihiu, no ka mea hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i nā kumukūʻai like ʻole a me nā ʻono huakaʻi.
Ke olaola o Koshi Tappu
He mālama ʻia ʻo Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve me nā ʻano manu he nui, a no laila, he wahi mākaʻikaʻi manu. ʻO nā manu lele Siberian, nā seto nani, nā herons nani, a me nā ʻaeto ikaika e waiwai ai i nā manu, a lilo ia i mea hoihoi i nā mea aloha kūlohelohe a puni ka honua.
Loaʻa i ka mālama ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu kūikawā, ʻo ia hoʻi nā holoholona hihiu e like me ka bufalo wai. Hāʻawi ia i ka nui o ka ékological. ʻO nā mammals, e like me puaʻa hihiu a me ka dia puaa, ke ulu nei ma kona mau wahi malu, e hoike ana i ka waiwai maoli.
Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻāina o Koshi Tappu e nā ākea nui o nā mauʻu e kākoʻo ana i ka ʻai ʻana e nā ʻano holoholona he nui. ʻO ia mau pāpū hāmama ka home o nā lau nahele e pono ai no ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike kaiaola a me ka mālama ʻana i ke ola o nā holoholona.
Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau mauʻu e nā ululāʻau a me nā nahele kahawai e hana ai i ka malu a me nā wahi hānai no nā holoholona he nui. Hoʻokumu kēia ʻāina wai momona i kahi ʻupena noho paʻakikī, he mea nui ia i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea olaola a me ka pono kaiaola i loko o ka mālama.
ʻIke manu
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve ʻo ia ka wahi mākaʻikaʻi manu maikaʻi loa ma Nepal no ka mea nona kahi ʻāina wai nui. Loaʻa iā ia kekahi o nā manu kiʻekiʻe loa, no laila e huki ai i nā mea aloha manu a me nā mea noiʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
Ma waena o nā manu kaulana, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka Bengal florican, Sarus crane, nā manu lele Siberian, nā storks like ʻole, herons, a me nā ʻaeto. Aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻano like ʻole i hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka mālama ʻana, e like me ka wren babbler a me ka warbler lepo ʻoliva, kahi e nani ai kēia mālama.
ʻO ka manawa kūpono e nānā ai i nā manu ʻo ia ka neʻe ʻana o ke kau ma waena o Kepakemapa a me Pepeluali. He mea maʻamau nā ʻeke lele a me nā wader i ka hoʻoilo, ʻoiai i ka pūnāwai a me ka hāʻule ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i nā manu lele o nā ʻano hulu like ʻole a me nā ʻano.
Hāʻawi ʻo Koshi Tappu i nā ʻāina pulu a me nā mauʻu i hiki ke hoʻolako i nā kiʻi kiʻi nui o nā manu. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ai kekahi e hopu i nā mea ola a nā manu e hana ai, kā lākou lele lele ʻana, a me ka mālamalama nani i hana ʻia e ke ʻano e hoʻokō i ke kiʻi.
ʻO ke kūlana maluhia o ka mālama ʻana e hiki ai iā ia ke hāʻawi i nā safaris immersive e nānā i nā manu ma o ka jeep, ka waʻa, a i ʻole ka wāwae. E kōkua nā alakaʻi ʻike i ka poʻe malihini e ʻike i nā wahi huna o nā manu i hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ka nahelehele, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ʻike holoholona hihiu maikaʻi e pili ana i ka mākaʻikaʻi a me ka pana.
Nā hana ma Koshi Tappu
ʻO Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve ka nui o nā marshes a me nā mauʻu, no laila ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hele wāwae e nānā i nā ʻano manu like ʻole i ko lākou mau wahi kūlohelohe. Loaʻa ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i nā huakaʻi waʻa ma ka muliwai Koshi i hiki iā lākou ke nānā pono i nā manu wai a me nā ola wai.
Hele ka Jeep Safaris ma waena o nā ululāʻau mānoanoa me nā kahawai i loko o ka mālama ʻana, kahi e ʻike ai ka poʻe huakaʻi i nā holoholona hihiu e like me ka bufalo wai hihiu a me ka dia. ʻO ia mau huakaʻi maʻalahi e hoʻonui i nā ʻike nānā holoholona hihiu a hāʻawi maʻalahi i ke komo ʻana i nā wahi me ka liʻiliʻi o ke komo ʻana i ka mālama.
ʻO kekahi o nā huakaʻi hoihoi loa e hāʻawi i ka ʻike kūpono o ke ʻano a me ka moʻomeheu o Koshi Tappu e pili ana i nā huakaʻi alakaʻi alakaʻi alakaʻi ʻia e nā mea kūlohelohe kūloko. Hoʻololi ka poʻe kūlohelohe i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mea kanu, nā holoholona, a me nā hana mālama mālama, e hoʻonui ai i ka ʻike malihini a me ka hiki ke launa pū me nā wahi holoholona hihiu.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hele i ka lawaiʻa ma ke kahawai ʻo Koshi, kahi e hoʻomaha ai ʻoe me ke ʻano. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā moʻomeheu me nā kauhale ʻo Tharu kokoke e lawe i ka mea huakaʻi i nā ʻano kuʻuna o ke ola, nā mea hana a me nā mea hana, nā kīʻaha, a me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ke ola maoli ma ia wahi.
Hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau hana e hana i kahi pūʻolo o nā holoholona hihiu a me nā moʻomeheu like ʻole. Ua hauʻoli ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i ka hui ʻana o nā ʻike kūlohelohe a me nā moʻomeheu. No laila, he huakaʻi piha ia no ka poʻe aloha kūlohelohe a me ka poʻe e kipa ana i ia wahi me ka manaʻo e hele i kahi huakaʻi e loaʻa kahi ʻike moʻomeheu.
ʻAʻole i loaʻa ka huakaʻi.
ʻO ka wā maikaʻi loa e kipa aku ai
ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa e kipa aku ai ʻo Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve ʻo ia i ka hoʻoilo (Novema a Pepeluali) no ka mea ʻo kēia ka manawa kūpono ka ʻāina no ka nānā ʻana i nā manu, ʻoiai he nui nā manu lele e hele mai i ia wahi. He anuanu a maloʻo hoʻi ke ea, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka ʻike o nā holoholona hihiu a me ka hōʻoluʻolu o waho.
ʻOluʻolu ka lewa i ka pūnāwai me ka mahana ma waena o ka mālie a me ka mahana. He waihoʻoluʻu nō hoʻi nā hiʻohiʻona, a ulu nā pua ma laila, e hana ana i kahi ʻano ʻoniʻoni e hele pū me nā ʻano holoholona hihiu i ʻike ʻia. ʻO ke kumu o ka maikaʻi o kēia kau no ka poʻe aloha kūlohelohe ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hana o nā manu noho a me nā manu lele.
Aia ka ua nui i ka wā monsoon (Iune a Sepatemaba) e hāʻawi ana ʻelua i ka ua i kahi ʻāina ʻōmaʻomaʻo akā ua pilikia pū kekahi e like me ke kahe ʻana, nā ala pulu. He manawa pōʻino kēia no ka lilo ʻana o ka mea paʻakikī, ʻike nui ʻia nā holoholona hihiu, a ke hoʻopau pinepine ʻia nā huakaʻi hele.
ʻOi aku ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka palekana ke kipa ʻana i ka wā maloʻo. ʻO ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi i ka hoʻoilo a me ka pūnāwai ka manawa maikaʻi loa e kiʻi i nā kiʻi a nānā i nā holoholona hihiu no ka mea hāʻawi lākou i ka mālamalama nui. No laila, ʻo kēia nā manawa kūpono loa e kipa aku ai i ka immersive.
Nā Koho Hoʻokipa
He ʻokoʻa nā hale noho ʻo Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hale hoʻokipa a me nā eco-resorts ma ka reserve. ʻO kahi koho kaulana ʻo Koshi Tappu Wildlife Camp, e kaena ana i nā hale safari me nā lako maikaʻi, nā hōʻikeʻike, a me nā ua wela, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ʻike kūlohelohe.
Loaʻa ka homestay maʻalahi, kahi e loaʻa ai i ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi ka manawa e kaʻana like i kahi nohona kūloko a me ka moʻomeheu. Hāʻawi kēia mau homestay i nā mea pono a me nā lawelawe home i kūpono loa i kahi mākaʻikaʻi e makemake i kahi homestay i emi ke kumu kūʻai akā ʻoiaʻiʻo kokoke i ka mālama holoholona hihiu.
ʻO ka noho ʻana ma ka mālama ʻana i nā kahua hoʻomoana holoholona e hāʻawi pololei i ke ʻano me nā hana alakaʻi. Inā makemake ʻoe e noho i kahi hale hoʻokipa ma ke kūlanakauhale kokoke, hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i nā hale ʻaina, nā hale kūʻai, a me nā ʻoihana kaʻa.
ʻO ke koho o ka noho ʻana i loko a i ʻole ma waho wale nō e pili ana i nā makemake no ka huakaʻi. ʻO ka poʻe huakaʻi e hauʻoli nei i ka maluhia ma ke ʻano, makemake lākou e noho i loko o kahi hale hoʻokipa a i ʻole kahi hoʻomoana ma ka reserve a i ʻole kokoke i ka reserve, aʻo nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e makemake e noho i ke kūlohelohe e koho i nā hōkele ma Biratnagar a i Dharan.
Nā mea kōkua
ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka palapala ʻae Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve he NPR 100 no Nepalese, NPR 750 no nā ʻāina SAARC, a me NPR 1,500 no nā haole. Aia ka NPR 300 no ka uku komo kaʻa. Loaʻa nā ʻae ma ka puka hoʻopaʻa.
Pono ka malihini e lawe i nā mea e pono ai e like me ka binoculars, kahi pahupaʻikiʻi me nā pihi ʻoi aku ka nui, nā lole māmā, a me ka pale ʻana i ka lā, e komo pū me ka pale a me nā aniani. Hōʻike nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole i kahi ʻaʻahu māmā me nā kāmaʻa hele ʻoluʻolu.
ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ke olakino a me ka palekana e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka namu a me ka inu ʻana i ka ʻōmole a i ʻole ka wai i mālama ʻia no ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka wai. Lawe i kahi pahu kōkua mua no ka ʻeha liʻiliʻi i ka wā huakaʻi.
Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā alakaʻi kūloko ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻike no ka mea hāʻawi ia i nā ʻoihana ʻike me ka ʻike e pili ana i ka holoholona hihiu a me ka noho ʻana o Koshi Tappu. Kōkua nā alakaʻi i ka ʻike ʻana i nā holoholona paʻakikī ke ʻike, wehewehe i nā pilikia mālama, ka nānā pono ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu, a me nā hele kūlohelohe.
Pono mālama
Ua hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve ma Nepal ka paena Ramsar mua i ka makahiki 1987. ʻO ia kūlana e hōʻike ana i kona koʻikoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻāina wai a me nā kaiaola e pili ana i kekahi o nā kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka waiwai o ka honua.
He mea koʻikoʻi ka mālama ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano mea i pau, e like me ka bufalo wai hihiu (Arna), ka mammal hope loa i loaʻa ma Nepal. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka noho ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻai ʻana ma muli o nā hana hoʻomalu i kūkulu lohi i ka heluna bufalo a mālama i ko lākou kaiaola pilikia.
ʻO Koshi Tappu eco-tourism maikaʻi loa i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā ola kūloko. Hāʻawi ia i nā kumu waiwai hoʻomau ma o ka mākaʻikaʻi alakaʻi, nā homestay, a me nā hana moʻomeheu, e hoʻoikaika i ke kaiāulu i ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā kamaʻāina, e like me ka poʻe Tharu.
ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka mālama ʻana a me ka mākaʻikaʻi hoʻomau, ʻo ia ka mālama mau ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu a me nā wahi noho, ma waho aʻe o nā pono waiwai a me ka pilikanaka i nā kaiāulu kūloko. ʻO Koshi Tappu kahi hanana e hōʻike ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka pale ʻana o ke ʻano, me ka pono o ke kanaka, hiki ke noho pū i ke kaiapuni.
Panina
ʻO Koshi Tappu kahi huakaʻi moeʻuhane no ka mea nānā manu, me ka ʻoi aku o 480 mau ʻano manu, e komo pū ana me nā ʻano mea noho a me nā mea lele. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻano wahi ʻāina pulu i nā manawa kūʻokoʻa e ʻike i ka nui o nā manu a me nā holoholona hihiu e nānā a kiʻi.
Ua kono ʻia nā malihini e ʻimi iā Koshi Tappu e ʻike i ka hui ʻokoʻa o nā holoholona hihiu a me nā ʻike moʻomeheu waiwai. ʻO ka nani o ke kaiapuni, me nā kaiāulu kūloko, e hana i kahi ʻike maikaʻi loa i ke ʻano a me ka moʻomeheu no kēlā me kēia huakaʻi.
