intshayelelo
KumaHindu, kukho iindidi ezintathu zabalandeli. NgamaShaiva, amaVaishnava, kunye neeShaktas. AmaShaiva ngokusisiseko anqula uSiva, uVaisnava anqula uVishnu, yaye amaShaktas anqula uKali okanye uBhagwati. Oku akuthethi ukuba uShakta akanquli uBishnu noShiva. Bathandaza kuzo zonke izithixo, kodwa kugxininiswa koothixo babo.
Uthixokazi ubaluleke kakhulu kwihlelo lamaShakta lamaHindu. Unqulwa kwiinkalo ezininzi: njengoDurga, uMkhuseli kunye nombulali weedemoni, njengoTaleju, uthixo ongumxhasi wabalawuli beNtlambo, nanjengoko. Kumari, uthixokazi onyulu ophilayo, njengeDakshin Kali, Gorakhkali, kunye neTempile yaseManakamana njengoko umnqweno uzalisekile, njalo njalo. Abanye oothixokazi abangamabhinqa, abanjengoLaxmi, uThixokazi wobutyebi, kunye USaraswati, uthixokazi wolwazi kunye nezobugcisa, zinqulwa eNepal, kwaye ziyimifanekiso eyahlukeneyo yamaBhagawati.
Ngokukwanjalo, uGanesh, osusa imiqobo kunye nomthombo wethamsanqa, iMachhendranath, i-Indra, iHanuman, njl., ikhethekileyo kwiNepal kuphela kwaye ibhiyozelwa ngeminyhadala ekhethekileyo yasekhaya, kwaye ezo tempile zidume kakhulu eNepal, ngakumbi kwintlambo yaseKathmandu.
Iitempile ezinkulu zeBhagwati eNepal zikwabizwa ngokuba ziiShakti piths. Abanquli babingelela izilwanyana ezifana nedada, inkukhu, ibhokhwe, inyathi, iigusha, njl, ngexesha lomthendeleko we-Bada Dashain kunye ne-Chaitra Dashain.
Iitempile zaseBhagwati eNepal zezi:
1. ITempile yaseDakshin Kali:
Itempile yaseDakshinkali yitempile ebalulekileyo yamaHindu ebekwe eNepal. Ime malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-22 ngaphandle kweKathmandu, ikomkhulu laseNepal, kwaye inikezelwe kuthixokazi wamaHindu uKali. I-Kali yindlela enamandla kunye neyoyikekayo yesithixokazi uDurga, owaziwa ngamandla akhe kunye noburhalarhume. Itempile yindawo yokundwendwela edumileyo yamaHindu, ngakumbi ngoLwesibini nangeMigqibelo, nangexesha lomnyhadala weDashain. Ebudeni bukaDashain, kwakunikelwa amadini ezilwanyana kuthixokazi njengenxalenye yonqulo olungokwesithethe. Itempile ijikelezwe yimbonakalo-mhlaba entle yendalo, inamahlathi kunye neenduli zongeza kwi-ambience yayo epholileyo. Abaninzi abazinikeleyo batyelela itempile ukuya kufuna iintsikelelo, ukwenza imithandazo, nokwenza imisitho yonqulo. Lo mmandla ukwatsala abakhenkethi abanomdla wokuhlola inkcubeko nenkolo yaseNepal.
2. ITempile kaGadhi Mai:
Itempile yaseGadhimai, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiGadhimai Temple yaseBariyarpur, yitempile yamaHindu ebekwe eBariyarpur, kwiSithili saseBara, eNepal. Itempile yaziwa kakhulu ngoMthendeleko weGadhimai, umsitho wenkolo obandakanya ukubingelelwa kwezilwanyana. Umthendeleko weGadhimai ubanjwe rhoqo kwiminyaka emihlanu kwiindawo zetempile, kunye nesiganeko samva nje senzeke ngo-2019. Ngexesha lomthendeleko, abazinikeleyo abavela eNepal nakwamanye amazwe angabamelwane bahlanganisana ukuze bahloniphe kwaye baxolise uthixokazi uGadhimai, uhlobo lwesithixokazi samaHindu uDurga. Kukholelwa ukuba ukunikela ngezilwanyana kuya kuzisa ukuchuma kunye nokuzalisekisa iminqweno yabazinikeleyo. Lo mnyhadala wafumana ingqwalasela yamazwe ngamazwe waza wavusa impikiswano ephawulekayo ngenxa yamadini ezilwanyana amaninzi abandakanyekayo. Abalwela amalungelo ezilwanyana, eNepal nakwihlabathi jikelele, bawukhalimele kabukhali lo mkhwa. Phezu kwako nje ukugxekwa, lo mnyhadala uye wendele nzulu kwisithethe sasekuhlaleni yaye ubusenziwa kangangeenkulungwane.
3. ITempile yaseChinnamasta:
Itempile yaseChinnamasta, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiTempile yaseChinnamastika, yitempile yamaHindu ehlonitshwayo ebekwe eNepal. Inikezelwe kuthixokazi uChinnamasta, uhlobo lwetantric lothixokazi wamaHindu uDevi. UChinnamasta uboniswa njengothixokazi ozinqumle intloko, ephethe eyakhe intloko enqunyuliweyo ngesinye isandla kwaye ephethe ikrele ngesinye. Umi emizimbeni kaKamadeva, uthixo womnqweno, kunye neqabane lakhe uRati. Isimboli esisemva kwalo mfanekiso simele ukugqithiswa kwehlabathi lezinto ezibonakalayo kunye namandla okuzincama. Itempile yaseRajrappa kukholelwa ukuba ikwindawo apho uChinnamasta enze khona ukuzincama kwakhe. Indawo ejikeleze itempile ithathwa njengengcwele, kunye neetempile zeBhairavi kunye neMahavidya ezikufutshane. Abazinikeleyo batyelela iTempile yaseChinnamasta ukuze bafune iintsikelelo, benze imithandazo, banikele ngepuja (unqulo) kuthixokazi. Itempile ibona ukuthontelana okubalulekileyo kwabazinikeleyo ngexesha leminyhadala efana neNavratri, Kali Puja, kunye neDurga Puja. Ithempeli laseChinnamasta libambe ukubaluleka okukhulu kwiingcali ze-tantric kunye nabalandeli besithethe sikaShakta, abahlonela uthixokazi njengomele amandla kunye nokuguqulwa.
4. ITempile yaseGuheswari:
Itempile yaseGuheswari, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiTempile yaseGuhyeshwari, yitempile ehlonitshwayo yamaHindu ebekwe eKathmandu, eNepal. Yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zeShakti Peethas (iindawo ezingcwele ezinikezelwe kuthixokazi uShakti) eNepal. Itempile inikezelwe kwisithixokazi uGuhyeshwari, inkalo yesithixokazi uParvati, othathwa njengeqabane leNkosi uShiva. Igama elithi "Guhyeshwari" lithetha "uthixokazi weemfihlo" okanye "uthixokazi ofihlakeleyo." Ngokutsho kweentsomi zamaHindu, kukholelwa ukuba inxalenye yeSati Devi's (uhlobo lweParvati) yawa kule ndawo emva kokuba iNkosi uShiva ithwele isidumbu sakhe ehlombe lakhe ngentlungu. Itempile yaseGuheswari ibambe ukubaluleka okukhulu kwezenkolo nezenkcubeko kubantu baseNepal. Igqalwa njengenye yezona ndawo zingcwele eKathmandu kwaye itsala abantu abaninzi abazinikeleyo, ngakumbi abafazi, abeze kufuna iintsikelelo zothixokazi. Isakhiwo setempile sineyona ndawo iphambili, enesithixo esingcwele saseGuhyeshwari, kunye neendawo ezincinci ezinikelwe kwizithixo ezahlukeneyo. Uyilo lwetempile lubonakalisa isitayile sakwaNewari, kunye nemizobo entsonkothileyo kunye nemihombiso ehonjisiweyo. Ngexesha lemithendeleko efana neNavaratri kunye neDashain, itempile ibona ukunyuka okukhulu kwabazinikeleyo abanikela imithandazo, izibane zeoli ezikhanyayo, kunye nokwenza izithethe zonqulo. Umoya wale mithendeleko udlamkile yaye uzaliswe kukuzinikela.
5. ITempile yakwaShova Bhagawati:
Ngokwenene yitempile ebalulekileyo yamaHindu ebekwe eKathmandu, eNepal. Inikezelwe kuthixokazi uShova Bhagwati, ogqalwa njengembonakaliso yesithixokazi uDurga. Itempile imi kufutshane neKathmandu Durbar Square, indawo ye-UNESCO yeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi. U-Shova Bhagwati uhlonitshwa kakhulu luluntu lwaseNewari kwaye uthathwa njengothixo ongumlondolozi weNtlambo yaseKathmandu. Itempile ibambe ukubaluleka okukhulu kwezenkolo nenkcubeko kwaye itsala abazinikeleyo abeza kwenza imithandazo kwaye bafune iintsikelelo zikathixokazi. Ihlonitshwa ngakumbi ngexesha lemibhiyozo efana neNavaratri (ubusuku obusithoba obunikezelwe kuthixokazi uDurga) kunye noDashain (umbhiyozo omkhulu wamaHindu obhiyozelwa eNepal). Uyilo lweTempile yeShova Bhagwati lubonisa indlela yendabuko yaseNewari, enemizobo yomthi entsonkothileyo kunye nezakhiwo ezintle ezifana ne-pagoda. Isakhiwo setempile sikwabandakanya iindawo ezincinci ezinikezelwe kwabanye oothixo.
6. ITempile yaseNaxalbhagawati:
Yitempile eyaziwayo yamaHindu ehlala eNaxal, eKathmandu, eNepal. Inikezelwe kuthixokazi uBhagwati, olunye uhlobo lwesithixokazi uDurga. Itempile ibambe ukubaluleka kwenkolo kuluntu lwendawo kwaye itsala abazinikeleyo abeze kuthandaza kwaye bafune iintsikelelo. Uthixokazi uBhagwati uhlonitshwa njengothixo onamandla nokhuselayo. Ubume betempile bubonisa isimbo sakwaNewari, esibonakala ngemizobo yeplanga entsonkothileyo kunye nezakhiwo ezifana ne-pagoda. Isakhiwo setempile sikwabandakanya nezinye iindawo ezincinci ezinikezelwe kwizithixo ezahlukeneyo. Ngexesha lemithendeleko efana neNavaratri kunye neDashain, iTempile yaseNaxal Bhagawati iba liziko lomsebenzi wonqulo. Abazinikeleyo batyelela etempileni ukuze benze amasiko, benze imithandazo, kwaye babe nenxaxheba kwimisitho yonqulo.
7. Itempile yaseKalikasthan:
Yitempile edumileyo yamaHindu eseKathmandu, eNepal. Imi kwindawo yaseKalikasthan, ethiywe ngegama letempile. Itempile inikezelwe kwiNkosi uShiva, omnye wezithixo eziphambili kubuHindu. INkosi uShiva ithathwa njengomtshabalalisi kunye nomguquli phakathi kobathathu emnye wamaHindu. Abazinikeleyo batyelela iTempile yaseKalikasthan ukuze bathandaze, benze amasiko, kwaye bafune iintsikelelo ezivela eNkosini Shiva. Itempile inokubaluleka kokubini kubahlali kunye nabahambi ngezonqulo abayindwendwela ngeenjongo zomoya. Inika imeko-bume enoxolo ukuze abo bazinikeleyo bazibandakanye kukucamngca nokunqula. Uyilo lwetempile lubonisa isitayile sakwaNewari esinemizobo entsonkothileyo kunye nezinto zoyilo. ITempile yaseKalikasthan ikwabonelela ngembono yepanoramic yeNtlambo yeKathmandu ejikelezileyo, iyenza ibe yindawo entle. Iindwendwe zinokonwabela umoya ozolileyo kwaye zixabise ubuhle bendalo engqongileyo.
8. ITempile yaseMaitidevi:
ITempile yaseMaitidevi yindawo engcwele yamaHindu ebekwe kumbindi weKathmandu, eNepal. Inikezelwe kuThixokazi uSati ngendlela yakhe njengoMata Maitidevi, ukuzalwa kukaMamakazikazi. Imvelaphi yale tempile izele yintsomi, ekukholelwa ukuba yaqala ngexesha leMahabharata. Ngokutsho intsomi, itempile iphawula indawo apho Maya (intliziyo) yesithixokazi uSati yawa emva kokuba umzimba wakhe unqunyulwe. Oku kuyibeka phakathi kwe-51 Shakti Peethas enamandla, iyenza ibe yindawo ebalulekileyo yonqulo lweShakta. Ulwakhiwo lwetempile lwemveli, lunophahla olufana ne-pagoda kunye nemizobo yomthi entsonkothileyo efana neNtlambo yaseKathmandu. Abazinikeleyo bayathontelana apha, ngakumbi ngexesha lemibhiyozo efana neDashain nangexesha leMaitidevi Jatra, ukufuna iintsikelelo zikathixokazi. Indawo ejikelezileyo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiMaitidevi, yindawo ephithizelayo efumana isazisi sayo kule tempile yakudala. Isebenza njengeziko elibalulekileyo lenkolo, inkcubeko, kunye noluntu kubahlali bendawo.
9. Itempile yaseKumari (Uthixokazi ophilayo):
ITempile yaseKumari yindawo eyodwa kunye nengcwele ebekwe eKathmandu's Durbar Square, enikezelwe kuthixokazi ophilayo waseNepal. Likhaya leRoyal Kumari, intombazana encinci yangaphambi kokufikisa ekhethwe kwi-Shakya caste yoluntu lwaseNewar. IKumari kukholelwa ukuba sisikhephe esifayo sikathixokazi wamaHindu uTaleju Bhawani, umboniso wamandla omfazi ongcwele okanye uShakti. Inkqubo yokhetho ingqongqo, apho umviwa kufuneka abonise izinto ezigqibeleleyo ezingama-32 kwaye anyamezele iimvavanyo zenkalipho, ezinjengokuhlala uzolile kwigumbi elineenyathi ezili-108 ezibingelelwe.
Akuba ekhethiwe, uhlala etempileni, eshiya kuphela imithendeleko emikhulu yonqulo, apho athwalwa kwipalanquin. Itempile ngokwayo ingumzekelo obalaseleyo wezakhiwo zaseNewari, ezineebhalkhoni zamaplanga ezikrolwe ngokucokisekileyo, iifestile kunye neentendelezo ezakhiwa phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-18. Abazinikeleyo nabakhenkethi bayandwendwela ukuza kumamkela darshan (umbono wobuthixo), njengoko ukubonakala kwakhe okufutshane efestileni kuthathwa njengentsikelelo enkulu. Ulawulo lwakhe luphela kunye nokuya kwakhe kokuqala okanye ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwegazi, emva koko ubuyela kubomi obuqhelekileyo, kwaye i-Kumari entsha ikhethwa. Esi siko simele ukudityaniswa okunzulu kobuHindu kunye nobuBhuda, obuzinze ngokunzulu kwinkcubeko yakudala yaseNepal kunye nobukhosi. I-Kumari ihlala isisimboli esinamandla sobuthixo, isithethe, kunye nelifa eliphilayo leNtlambo yaseKathmandu.
10. Taleju Bhawani:
U-Taleju Bhawani ungunkulunkulukazi onamandla kwaye ohloniphekileyo okhonza njenge-titular kunye nentsapho yentsapho yookumkani bamandulo baseMalla ababelawula iNtlambo yaseKathmandu. Ugqalwa njengembonakaliso eyoyikekayo kaMama Ongcwele, odla ngokunxulunyaniswa noothixokazi bamaHindu uDurga noParvati. Ngokutsho kwentsomi, ekuqaleni wabonakala ookumkani baseMalla ekwimo yomntu, ebanika isiluleko kunye nokhuseleko lokuseka izikumkani zabo. Eyona tempile ingcwele yeTaleju ibekwe ngaphakathi kweDurbar Squares yaseKathmandu, ePatan, naseBhaktapur, ebonisa ikhonkco lakhe elithe ngqo kumandla asebukhosini. Unqulo lwakhe lusembindini wemibhiyozo emikhulu yaseNepal efana neDashain, apho amadini ezilwanyana ayesenziwa ngokwesiko kuye.
Ukukhethwa kweRoyal Kumari, uthixokazi ophilayo, kuqhagamshelwe ngokunzulu kuTaleju, njengoko iKumari kukholelwa ukuba sisitya sakhe somhlaba sexeshana. Ukufikelela kwindawo yakhe yokuhlala engaphakathi kwakupheleliselwe ngokwembali kookumkani nababingeleli babo abangamaHindu, egxininisa indima yakhe njengowongamileyo. Uyilo oluntsonkothileyo, olunemigangatho emininzi lwetempile olunikezelwe kuye lubonisa iwonga lakhe eliphezulu kunye nendawo yokuhlala yasezulwini. Ke, uTaleju Bhawani akameli nje umntu ongokobuthixo kodwa indibano yenkolo, ubukhosi kunye nenkcubeko eNepal.
11. Ugratara waseDadeldhura:
I-Ugratara yaseDadeldhura yitempile ehlonitshwa kakhulu nenamandla ekummandla osentshona weNepal. Inikezelwe kuthixokazi u-Ugratara, uhlobo oloyikekayo lukathixokazi ongumama wamaHindu uTara, ogama lakhe liguqulelwa ngokuthi "okhohlakeleyo." Le tempile yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zikaShakti Peethas eNepal, ekukholelwa ukuba yindawo apho uthixokazi uSati. Maya (inkohliso okanye amandla angcwele) wawela emhlabeni. Ibekwe phezu kwenduli kwidolophu yaseDadeldhura, itempile ibonelela ngeembono ezimangalisayo zeentaba ezingqongileyo kunye neentlambo. Uthixo, u-Ugratara, unqulwa njengomkhuseli nomniki weminqweno, owaziwa ngokuphendula imithandazo enyanisekileyo yabakhonzi bakhe.
Umnyhadala omkhulu wonyaka, i-Ugratara Jatra, utsala amawaka abahambi ngezonqulo abasuka kulo lonke elaseNepal naseIndiya, bedala umoya odlamkileyo nozinikeleyo. Indawo esemagqagaleni yetempile yongeza kubuhle bayo obungcwele nobumangalisayo, nto leyo eyenza uhambo ngezonqulo lube luhambo olunzulu lokomoya. Isebenza njengeziko elibalulekileyo lokholo kunye nesazisi senkcubeko kubantu bePhondo laseSudurpashchim. Le ndawo iqulathe isithethe esinzulu seShakta kunye namandla angapheliyo okunqula isithixokazi kwingingqi yeHimalaya.
12. Badi Malika:
I-Ugratara yaseDadeldhura yitempile ehlonitshwa kakhulu nenamandla ekummandla osentshona weNepal. Inikezelwe kuthixokazi u-Ugratara, uhlobo oloyikekayo lukathixokazi ongumama wamaHindu uTara, ogama lakhe liguqulelwa ngokuthi "okhohlakeleyo." Le tempile yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zikaShakti Peethas eNepal, ekukholelwa ukuba yindawo apho uthixokazi uSati. Maya (inkohliso okanye amandla angcwele) wawela emhlabeni. Ibekwe phezu kwenduli kwidolophu yaseDadeldhura, itempile ibonelela ngeembono ezimangalisayo zeentaba ezingqongileyo kunye neentlambo. Uthixo, u-Ugratara, unqulwa njengomkhuseli nomniki weminqweno, owaziwa ngokuphendula imithandazo enyanisekileyo yabakhonzi bakhe.
Umnyhadala omkhulu wonyaka, i-Ugratara Jatra, utsala amawaka abahambi ngezonqulo abasuka kulo lonke elaseNepal naseIndiya, bedala umoya odlamkileyo nozinikeleyo. Indawo esemagqagaleni yetempile yongeza kubuhle bayo obungcwele nobumangalisayo, nto leyo eyenza uhambo ngezonqulo lube luhambo olunzulu lokomoya. Isebenza njengeziko elibalulekileyo lokholo kunye nesazisi senkcubeko kubantu bePhondo laseSudurpashchim. Le ndawo iqulathe isithethe esinzulu seShakta kunye namandla angapheliyo okunqula isithixokazi kwingingqi yeHimalaya.
13. Baglung Kalika:
I-Baglung Kalika yitempile ehlonelwayo enikezelwe kuthixokazi wamaHindu uKali, ekwisithili esibukekayo saseBaglung kwintshona yeNepal. Ithe ngcu phezu kwenduli ejongene nokudibana kwemilambo iKali Gandaki kunye ne Dhariyari, yindawo enobuhle bendalo obumangalisayo kunye nokubaluleka kokomoya. Itempile yenye yeeShakti Peethas ezibalulekileyo eNepal, apho uthixokazi unqulwa ngendlela yakhe enamandla nekhuselayo. Ngokutsho kwentsomi yasekuhlaleni, ukumkani wafumana kanye kuloo ndawo umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kathixokazi, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekumisweni kwetempile. Isithixo esiphambili siyingqayizivele, ilitye lendalo swayambhu umfanekiso ohonjiswe ngesigqubuthelo sobuso segolide, omele imbonakalo yakhe eyoyikekayo kodwa enobubele.
Abazinikeleyo bahamba apha unyaka wonke, kunye neendibano ezinkulu ezenzeka ngexesha lemibhiyozo yaseDashain kunye neChaitra Ashtami, befuna iintsikelelo zokukhusela kunye nokuzalisekisa iminqweno. Indawo ekuyo itempile ibonelela ngokuzola kunye nembonakalo yephaneli yeentlambo ezijikelezileyo kunye nemilambo, iphucula amava okomoya kubahambi ngezonqulo. Isebenza njengendawo ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko kunye nenkolo, idibanisa ngokunzulu isazisi sommandla waseBaglung kunye nonqulo lukaMama oNgcwele. Uhambo oluya kule ndawo ingcwele lujongwa njengohambo lwenyama kunye nendlela eya ekulungelweni ngokomoya kumaHindu.
14. Gorakh Kali:
IGorakh Kali, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiGorakhnath Kalika, yitempile ehlonelwayo ebekwe kwisithili saseGorkha eNepal, ikhaya lezinyanya zobukhosi bukaShah. Le ndawo ingcwele inikezelwe ngokukhethekileyo kunqulo lwe-syncretic yesithixokazi uKali kunye nesilumko uGorakhnath, umntu ohloniphekileyo kwisithethe saseNath Yogi. Imvelaphi yale tempile inxulunyaniswe ngokunzulu nelifa likaKumkani uRam Shah, ukumkani owaziwayo wenkulungwane ye-17 owayesaziwa ngolawulo lwakhe olusesikweni, nowayengumlandeli ozinikeleyo wazo zombini ezi zithixo. Kukholelwa ukuba uthixokazi uKali ngokwakhe wabonakalisa apha ukukhusela ubukumkani kunye nokusikelela umnombo wasebukhosini. Isakhiwo setempile sineendawo ezimbini eziphambili: enye yesosithixo esinoburhalarhume, esinamatye amnyama sikaGorakh Kali kunye nesinye seGorakhnath, esibonisa ubungcwele babo obudibeneyo.
Esi siza sinokubaluleka okukhulu ngokwembali njengoko yayiliziko lokomoya lookumkani baseGorkha, abanzala yabo, njengoKumkani uPrithvi Narayan Shah, owathi kamva wamanyanisa iNepal. Abazinikeleyo batyelela ukufuna ukukhuselwa kothixokazi kunye neentsikelelo zesilumko, ngakumbi ngexesha lemithendeleko kaDashain noRam Navami. Indibaniselwano ekhethekileyo yezithethe zeShakta kunye neNath kule ndawo iyenza ibe liziko elibalulekileyo lezenzo zeTantric kunye nokuhamba ngezonqulo. Ngaloo ndlela, iGorakh Kali ime njengobungqina obunamandla bokudityaniswa kwembali yasebukhosini, amandla okomoya, nokuvisisana konqulo eNepal.
15. I-Tripurasundari yaseDhading:
Ithempeli le-Tripurasundari e-Dhading yi-Shakti Peetha ehloniphekileyo ezinikele kuThixokazikazi u-Tripurasundari, uhlobo oluhle kunye nobubele boMama oNgcwele. Ibekwe encotsheni yenduli kwilali yaseKhare, le tempile inika umbono omangalisayo weentaba ezijikelezileyo kunye neentlambo. Kukholelwa ukuba yenye yeendawo apho i- Maya (inkohliso okanye amandla kaThixo) kathixokazi uSati wawela emhlabeni, ewuphawula njengendawo yamandla amakhulu omoya. Indawo esemagqagaleni nezolileyo yetempile ifuna uhambo oluphawulekayo, nto leyo eyenza uhambo ngezonqulo lube luvavanyo lokuzinikela nohambo lobuhle bendalo.
Isithixo esiphambili singcwele, sizibonakalise (swayambhu) ilitye elihonjiswe ngesigqubuthelo sobuso segolide, elimela ubuhle obubengezelayo bukathixokazi. Abazinikeleyo bayatyelela ukuze bafune iintsikelelo zempumelelo, ulwazi, nenkululeko kwiingxaki zehlabathi, bekholelwa ukuba uthixokazi ungumzalisekisi weminqweno. Umnyhadala omkhulu wonyaka, iTripurasundari Jatra, utsala amawaka abahambi ngezonqulo abathatha inxaxheba kwizithethe nemibhiyozo. Le tempile ayisondawo yenkolo nje kodwa liziko elibalulekileyo lokuzazisa ngokwenkcubeko kunye nelifa lemveli kuluntu lwengingqi. I-aura yayo enamandla kunye nesetingi esimangalisayo siyenza ilitye lembombo leSiko leShakta laseNepal kunye nelitye elifihliweyo labafuna ngokomoya.
16. I-Tripurasundari yaseDolkha:
ITempile yaseTripurasundari eDolakha yenye yezona zinto zihlonelwayo nezibalulekileyo zeShakti Peethas eNepal, ezinikezelwe kuthixokazi okwimo yakhe “njengoBuhle baMazwe Amathathu.” Ifakwe kwidolophu eyimbali yaseDolakha, kwimpuma yeKathmandu, le tempile idume ngokuzibonakalisa kwayo kwaye inamandla.swayambhu) uthixo. Isithixo esiyintloko singumthombo wendalo, wamanzi afudumeleyo aphuma kwilitye elingcwele shivalinga, ehonjiswe ngesigqubuthelo sobuso segolide sothixokazi. Le nto yendalo igqalwa njengembonakaliso ethe ngqo yamandla kaThixo, kunye nobushushu kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi kukholelwa ukuba kubonisa isimo sengqondo sothixokazi kunye nemeko yezopolitiko yelizwe. Imvelaphi yale tempile igxininise kakhulu kwintsomi, kukho ibali elidibanisa nothixokazi uSati kunye nelinye kwingcwele yamaxesha aphakathi uGorakhnath, ekuthiwa nguye owaseka isithixo.
Ibambe ukubaluleka okukhulu ngokwembali, njengoko kwaboniswana nayo nguKumkani uPrithvi Narayan Shah ngexesha lephulo lakhe lokumanyanisa iNepal. Abazinikeleyo bayathontelana apha ukuze bafune iintsikelelo zokhuseleko, impilo, kunye nokuzaliseka kweminqweno, ngakumbi ngexesha lemibhiyozo emikhulu efana neDashain kunye neyodwa. Jatra ebanjwa rhoqo kwiminyaka elishumi elinesibini. Indawo imele ukudibanisa okunzulu kwendalo emangalisayo, izithethe ezinzulu zeTantric, kunye nembali yesizwe. Ngaloo ndlela, i-Tripurasundari yaseDolakha ime njengentsika yokholo lwaseNepali, inkcubeko kunye namandla okomoya.
17. ITempile yasePalanchowk Bhagawati:
Itempile yasePalanchowk Bhagawati yindawo ehlonelwayo neyakudala enikezelwe kuthixokazi uBhagawati, umbonakaliso okrakra woMama oNgcwele, okwiSithili saseKavrepalanchok eNepal. Ithe thaa kwinduli ebukekayo, le tempile idume ngokukrolwa ngokucokisekileyo, isithixo samatye amnyama sothixokazi, esigqalwa njengowona mfanekiso ubalaseleyo waseNepal. Lo mfanekiso uneenkcukacha ezintsonkothileyo ubonisa uMahishasura Mardini, uhlobo lothixokazi ebulala idemon yenyathi, uMahishasura, yaye kukholelwa ukuba wabakho emva phayaa ngenkulungwane yesi-7. Itempile yenye yeeShakti Peethas ezibalulekileyo eNepal, etsala amawaka abantu abazinikeleyo, ngakumbi ngexesha leminyhadala yaseDashain kunye neChaitra Ashtami.
Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba lo thixokazi ulapha ungumzalisekisi weminqweno enamandla, ngokukodwa kwabo bafuna impumelelo, inkuselo, noloyiso kwimigudu yabo. Indawo ezolileyo kunye nephakamileyo yale ndawo inika umoya ozolileyo wokunqula nokucamngca, iphucula umoya wayo womoya. Ukubaluleka kwayo ngokwembali nobugcisa, kudityaniswa nokubaluleka kwayo okunzulu kwezenkolo, kuyenza ibe luphawu olubalulekileyo lwenkcubeko. Ngaloo ndlela iPalanchowk Bhagawati ime njengobungqina obunzulu bobutyebi belifa laseNepal lokunqula uthixokazi nobuchule bokuzoba.
18. ITempile yaseManakamana:
ITempile yaseManakamana yenye yezona ndawo zihlonelwayo nezidumileyo zokundwendwela eNepal, ezinikezelwe kuthixokazi wamaHindu uBhagwati, isithixo esizalisekisa iminqweno. Ibekwe phezu kwenduli ebalaseleyo kwisithili saseGorkha, kukholelwa ukuba isithixokazi sisinika iminqweno (mana) kubo bonke abo bamnqula ngentliziyo enyulu. Imvelaphi yale tempile inxulunyaniswa noKumkanikazi kaKumkani uRam Shah wenkulungwane ye-17, ekwakukholelwa ukuba uvela kulo thixokazi. Ngokutsho kwentsomi, emva kokufa kokumkani, ukumkanikazi wenza sati, yaye kamva umlimi wafumana ilitye elingcwele kweso siza, elathi laba yinto yokunqulwa. Kangangeenkulungwane, uhambo oluya etempileni lwalulucelomngeni losuku lonke, luqinisa ukuzinikela kwabahambi bayo ngezonqulo.
Namhlanje, iManakamana Cable Car ibonelela ngokuphefumla kwaye kulula ukukhwela inqwelo moya ukuya etempileni, inyusa kakhulu ukufikeleleka kwayo. Abazinikeleyo badla ngokunikela imibingelelo yezilwanyana, ngokukodwa amahobe neebhokhwe, kuthixokazi njengenxalenye yesifungo sabo sokufumana iintsikelelo zakhe. Itempile ihlala ixinene, ngakumbi ngeMigqibelo, nangemithendeleko emikhulu efana neDashain. Ime njengophawu olunamandla lokholo, oludityaniswe ngokunzulu nenkcubeko kunye nembali yengingqi yeGorkha. Uhambo ngezonqulo oluya eManakamana luhlala luhambo lwasemoyeni olunzulu kubantu abaninzi baseNepal namaIndiya abafuna ubabalo lothixokazi.
Isiphelo:
Uthungelwano lweetempile ze-Bhagwati kulo lonke elase-Nepal zenza intliziyo edlamkileyo, neshukumisayo yesiko lesizwe likaShakta, elimele unqulo lukaMama Ongcwele njengamandla aphezulu. Ngelixa itempile nganye inentsomi yayo eyodwa, ubume bothixo, kunye nomlinganiswa wasekuhlaleni, ngokudibeneyo bamele umgaqo omanyeneyo wezakwalizwi: uthixokazi (uShakti) njengamandla asebenzayo, akhuselayo, kunye nawokudala endalo iphela. Ezi tempile, kubandakanywa nezo zaziwayo ezifana nePalanchowk, iManakamana, kunye neShobha Bhagwati, zihlala zibekwe kwindawo entle ezincotsheni zeenduli okanye kwiindawo ekudibanela kuzo imilambo, zibonisa indima yazo njengamaziko omoya olongamela umhlaba nabantu bawo. Umxholo ophambili obamanyanisayo bubuntu babo njengoShakti Peethas, iindawo ezingcwele ezidityaniswe nentsomi kaSati, apho amalungu omzimba wakhe onqunyulweyo awela khona, efaka ngokusisigxina umhlaba ngamandla akhe obuthixo. Oku kumisela iNepal ngokwayo njengejografi engcwele, umzimba wesithixokazi. Umsebenzi ophambili wezi tempile kukusebenza njengomjelo othe ngqo wabazinikeleyo ekufikeleleni kubabalo lukathixokazi, rhoqo kwiintsikelelo ezibonakalayo ezifana nokhuseleko, uloyiso, impilo, kunye nokuzaliseka kweminqweno ethile.
Ngaphaya koko, iitempile zeBhagwati zinxulunyaniswa ngokunzulu nembali yezopolitiko yaseNepal, ngakumbi iphulo lokumanyanisa likaPrithvi Narayan Shah, owafuna kwaye wafumana iintsikelelo kwizithixo ezifana neGorakhkali kunye neDolakha's Tripurasundari, eqinisekisa ulawulo lwakhe kwaye ebeka isithixokazi njengomkhuseli welizwe. Izithethe ezenziweyo, ukusuka kwiminikelo elula ukuya kwimibingelelo yezilwanyana zokomfuziselo ngexesha leDashain, ayizozicelo nje kuphela kodwa zizenzo zokugcinwa kwecosmic, ekukholelwa ukuba zibuyisela ulungelelwano kunye nocwangco. Ngobuchule bokwakha, babonisa indlela entle eyenziwe ngamaplanga yaseNewari kunye nezitayile zepagoda, zibenza bangabi ziindawo zokunqulela nje kuphela kodwa babe ngabagcini belifa lemveli lobugcisa. Iminyhadala yonyaka kunye nohambo lokuya kwezi ndawo ziziinjini ezinamandla zokuqhubekeka kwenkcubeko, ukuqinisa ukuzazisi koluntu, ubumbano loluntu, kunye nokusasazwa kwezithethe kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Enyanisweni, iitempile zeBhagwati zingaphezulu lee kuneendawo ezingcwele; benza inkqubo yokholo emanyeneyo neguqukayo. Babonisa ubuHindu obuphilayo, obuphefumlayo eNepal, apho intsomi yamandulo, imbali yasebukhosini, intanda-bulumko enzulu, kunye nokuzinikela kwemihla ngemihla kudityaniswa ngaphandle komthungo. Ekugqibeleni, bema njengobungqina obuhlala buhleli benkolelo yokuba uMama oNgcwele, ngazo zonke iindlela zakhe, ujonge iNepal ngenkuthalo, ebumba ikamva layo kwaye esikelele abantu bayo.
